tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-336736922024-03-13T20:25:50.402-07:00Bob's LogDedicated to study and correction re the Psalms<br>
א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת<br>
This is a record of learning Hebrew from scratch over a 3 year period - have funBob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.comBlogger538125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-39967978964042519662010-08-02T09:12:00.000-07:002010-08-08T23:19:10.401-07:00Two blogs in the top 50Amazing - two of my blogs in the <a href="http://www.freeoldtestamentaudio.com/Blog/New.php/?p=1903">top 50</a> (Biblioblogs)- and I haven't posted on this one for 3 months. Thank you- readers. Feel free to comment and criticize. (with relevance please)<br />
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I am updating these translations (a little) as I search sequentially through the psalter for a framework.<br />
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The psalm translations are also emerging side by side with Hebrew text and automated transliteration and periodic <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/search/label/Psalm%20Summary">summaries</a> <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/">here</a>.<br />
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If you are reading on Bob's Log and enjoy the challenge of matching the Hebrew sparseness with English sparseness, please join me on this rapid read over three months through the <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/search/label/psalms">psalter</a>, <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/p/psalm-frames-first-usage-summary.html">frame by frame</a>.Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-43621087064773817572010-04-05T18:28:00.001-07:002010-06-27T18:09:10.836-07:00QuestionsWhy have my visits gone from 0 to 50 when I am no longer posting here? - whoever is visiting - stick around and enjoy the psalms - a worthwhile study. Also see what it's like to learn Hebrew and translation from scratch. For later work related to translation see my new blog e.g. <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/2010/06/translation-as-imposition.html">here</a>.<br />
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I have posted a change in direction - a bunch of questions <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/2010/04/time-for-change-of-pace.html">here</a>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-78817358897941760002010-03-20T13:23:00.000-07:002010-03-20T13:25:37.518-07:00Me afar out - update your linksPlease update your links and readers to <a href="http://meafar.blogspot.com/">http://meafar.blogspot.com</a>.That's where I will be posting 95% of the time - one person one blog till I run out of room again. I am working through the Song of Songs - No one should miss a verse or be averse to correcting me if necessary.Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-32755110515427627252010-03-15T10:58:00.001-07:002010-03-20T13:21:09.956-07:00Blog getting too largeLike Sufficiency, this blog is approaching 4 MB in size, so I will be posting on my formerly Matthew blog now Poetry of Christ blog. Just to get more stuff on the other side of this teeter totter before I bash my nose.<br />
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Please update your links and readers to http://meafar.blogspot.com. I hope I don't lose any friends with this move :(Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-82912364390423639902010-03-14T18:24:00.000-07:002010-03-14T18:24:33.766-07:00Psalm 119 - Part 22 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּ</span>קְרַב רִנָּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ<span style="color: #e69138;">פָנֶ</span>יךָ</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּ</span>דְבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֲ</span>בִינֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> </span></td><td>To your presence let my cry come near יְהוָה <br />
in your word give me understanding</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּ</span>בוֹא </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְּ</span>חִנָּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #e69138;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>פָנֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הַ</span>צִּילֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td>To your presence let my supplication come<br />
in your promise deliver me</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>בַּעְנָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> שְׂפָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַי</span> תְּהִלָּה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְ</span>לַמְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span></td><td>Tumble will my lips with praise<br />
for you teach me your statutes</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>עַן לְשׁוֹנִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> כָל מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> צֶּדֶק</span></td><td>Testify will my tongue of your promise<br />
for all your commandments are righteous</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְּ</span>הִי יָדְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עָזְרֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> פִקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> בָחָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>There your hand will be to help me<br />
for I have chosen your precepts</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּ</span>אַבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>ישׁוּעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ </span>שַׁעֲשֻׁעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td>To your salvation I have longed to come יְהוָה<br />
and your teaching is my delight</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְּ</span>חִי נַפְשִׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּתְ</span>הַלְלֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָּ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יַ</span>עְזְרֻ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td>To live let my being and it will praise you<br />
and you will help me from your judgments</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">תָּעִי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>שֶׂה אֹבֵד </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">בַּקֵּשׁ עַבְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁכָחְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>Time and again I am straying like a sheep that has perished<br />
seek your servant<br />
for your commandments I do not forget</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
The 22nd part. And notice how that lost sheep knows what it says. Baaahhh ! And I managed to avoid saying the opposite of what I meant most of the time.<br />
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BTW, the blogger editor is full of bugs in the Firefox browser. I have no idea where to report them, but the keyboard and mouse in the WSIWIG component will not allow typing in a null table cell, but it will allow paste and then typing. They changed it a few weeks ago much for the worse. I wonder who's using this besides me. Certainly they have let loose a programmer on it who does not have adequate testers (I know the feeling).<br />
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Details - I am sure we could predict taf as the prefix to the verb in this poem - and sure enough, we get it. Taf occurs as the first letter of the second and third person singular and plural of the imperfect - right across the board.<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>tiqràb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תִּקְרַב</span></td><td>let come near</td><td>third person singular qal imperfect - read as jussive - must be feminine</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rinaty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רִנָּתִי</span></td><td>my cry</td><td>singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lpaneyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְפָנֶיךָ</span></td><td>to your presence</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td>Divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kidbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּדְבָרְךָ</span></td><td>in your word</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun (in could be according to if you prefer)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>habynény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֲבִינֵנִי</span></td><td>give me understanding</td><td>Imperative hiphil with first person pronoun as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tabvo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָּבוֹא</span></td><td>let come </td><td>jussive - third person imperative (=imperfect form)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>txinaty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּחִנָּתִי</span></td><td>my supplication</td><td>singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lpaneyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְפָנֶיךָ</span></td><td>to your presence</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>k)imratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּאִמְרָתְךָ</span></td><td>in your promise</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hàcylény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הַצִּילֵנִי</span></td><td>deliver me</td><td>Imperative hiphil with first person pronoun as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tàbà`nah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תַּבַּעְנָה</span></td><td>tumble will</td><td>third person plural feminine qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>spatày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שְׂפָתַי</span></td><td>my lips with</td><td>plural noun subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>thilah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּהִלָּה</span></td><td>praise</td><td>singular noun, object of verb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td>conjunction</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tlàmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְלַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>you have taught me</td><td>imperfect second person singular with singular first person object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td>plural noun with first person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tà`àn</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תַּעַן</span></td><td>testify will</td><td>third person singular qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lshvony</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְשׁוֹנִי</span></td><td>my tongue</td><td>singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>of your promise</td><td>singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky kal micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי כָל מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>for all your commandments</td><td>preposition + adjective + plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cedeq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צֶּדֶק</span></td><td>are righteous</td><td>adjective predicate, implied copula</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>thy yadka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּהִי יָדְךָ</span></td><td>there will be your hand</td><td>imperfect third person singular of 'to be' i.e. an explicit use of this verb + singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`azrény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעָזְרֵנִי</span></td><td>to help me</td><td>preposition+infinitive+first person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td>conjunction</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td>plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>baxarty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בָחָרְתִּי</span></td><td>I have chosen</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ta)àbty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָּאַבְתִּי</span></td><td>I have longed to come</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lyshvu`atka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִישׁוּעָתְךָ</span></td><td>to your salvation</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td>Divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vtvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְתוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>and your instruction</td><td>conjunction+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shà`ashu`ay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׁעֲשֻׁעָי</span></td><td>is my delight</td><td>singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun - predicate, implied copula</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>txy nàpshy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּחִי נַפְשִׁי</span></td><td>To live let my being</td><td>jussive - third person imperative + singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vuthàlleka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּתְהַלְלֶךָּ</span></td><td>and it will praise you</td><td>connector+third person imperfect qal+second person pornoun as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumishpa+eka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִשְׁפָּטֶךָ</span></td><td>and from your judgments</td><td>conjunction+plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yà`zruny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יַעְזְרֻנִי</span></td><td>you will help me</td><td>second person imperfect qal with singular first person object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ta`yty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָּעִיתִי</span></td><td>Time and again straying I</td><td>I needed the T+ qal perfect first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kseh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּשֶׂה</span></td><td>am like a sheep</td><td>preposition + singular noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)obéd</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֹבֵד</span></td><td>that has perished</td><td>participle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bàqésh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בַּקֵּשׁ</span></td><td>seek</td><td>imperative</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àbdeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַבְדֶּךָ</span></td><td>your servant</td><td>singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>for your commandments</td><td>preposition+plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td>negative particle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shakaxty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁכָחְתִּי</span></td><td>do I forget</td><td>qal perfect first person</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-13898768290463043382010-03-13T17:19:00.000-08:002010-03-13T17:19:51.602-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 21 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂרִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> רְדָפ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span> חִנָּם<br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּמִ</span>דְּבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> פָּחַד לִבִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td>Sultans persecute me for nothing<br />
but from your word my heart stands in awe</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂשׂ אָנֹכִי עַל אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>מוֹצֵא שָׁלָל <span style="color: #e69138;">רָב</span></span></td><td>Singing I sing for your promise<br />
as finding great booty</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁקֶר שָׂנֵא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַאֲ</span>תַעֵבָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span><br />
תּוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> אָהָבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>Scandal I hate and abhor<br />
I love your teaching</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁבַע<span style="color: #6aa84f;"> בַּ</span>יּוֹם הִלַּלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּיךָ</span><br />
עַל מִשְׁפְּטֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> צִדְקֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td>Seven times a day do I praise you<br />
for the judgments of your righteousness</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"> שָׁלוֹם <span style="color: #e69138;">רָב</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>אֹהֲבֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֵין</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָמוֹ</span> מִכְשׁוֹל</span></td><td>Such great peace to those loving your teaching<br />
and there is no stumbling for them</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"> שִׂבַּרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>ישׁוּעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> יְהוָה<br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> עָשִׂי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span></td><td>Steadfast is my hope in your salvation יְהוָה<br />
and I have done your commandments</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁמְרָה נַפְשִׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>אֹהֲבֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ם</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">מְאֹד</span></span></td><td>Savors my being your testimonies<br />
and I love them greatly</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"> שָׁמַרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> פִקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> כָל דְּרָכַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> נֶגְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td>So I keep your precepts and your testimonies<br />
for all my ways are near you</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
How is our poet feeling after 21 parts of the poem? Happy to be nearing its end? Still has trouble from external sources and internal sources will be evident in part 22. Likes the superlative in this section.<br />
<br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>sarym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂרִים</span></td><td>sultans</td><td></td><td>plural noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rdapvuny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְדָפוּנִי</span></td><td>persecute me</td><td></td><td>third person plural qal+object first person pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xinam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חִנָּם</span></td><td>for nothing</td><td></td><td>adverb - derived from grace <span class="lexTitleHb">חֵן</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumidbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִדְּבָרְךָ</span></td><td>but from your word</td><td></td><td>prefix conjunction+singular noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>paxàd</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פָּחַד</span></td><td>stands in awe</td><td></td><td>third person (root) form qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>liby</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִבִּי</span></td><td>my heart</td><td></td><td>singular noun with first person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sas</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂשׂ</span></td><td>singing</td><td></td><td>its even a participle!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)anoky `àl )imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָנֹכִי עַל אִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>I for your promise</td><td></td><td>stand-alone pronoun+preposition+singular noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kmvocé)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּמוֹצֵא</span></td><td>as finding</td><td></td><td>preposition+participle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shalal rab</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁלָל רָב</span></td><td>great booty</td><td></td><td>noun+modifier</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sheqr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁקֶר</span></td><td>scandal</td><td></td><td>noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sané)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂנֵאתִי</span></td><td>I hate</td><td></td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>và)atà`ébah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וַאֲתַעֵבָה</span></td><td>and abhor</td><td></td><td>connector+first person singular qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>your instruction</td><td></td><td>singular noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahabty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהָבְתִּי</span></td><td>I love</td><td></td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shebà`</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁבַע</span></td><td>seven times</td><td></td><td>number</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bàyvom</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בַּיּוֹם</span></td><td>a day</td><td></td><td>preposition+noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hilàltyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הִלַּלְתִּיךָ</span></td><td>do I praise you</td><td></td><td>first person singular must be piel perfect + object second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל</span></td><td>for</td><td></td><td>preposition</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishp+éy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפְּטֵי</span></td><td>the judgments of</td><td></td><td>plural noun in construct (loses its ending)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cidqka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקֶךָ</span></td><td>your righteousness</td><td></td><td>singular noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shalvom</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁלוֹם</span></td><td>peace</td><td></td><td>noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rab</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָב</span></td><td>such great</td><td></td><td>modifier</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l)ohabéy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְאֹהֲבֵי</span></td><td>to those loving</td><td></td><td>preposition+participle in construct</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvorateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תוֹרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>your instruction</td><td></td><td>singular noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)éyn lamvo</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֵין לָמוֹ</span></td><td>and there is for them no</td><td></td><td>conjunction+particle of not being+ preposition+archaic third person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mikshvol</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִכְשׁוֹל</span></td><td>stumbling</td><td></td><td>noun (derived from verb)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sibàrty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׂבַּרְתִּי</span></td><td>steadfast my hope</td><td></td><td>qal perfect first person phrased for the S</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lyshvu`atka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִישׁוּעָתְךָ</span></td><td>in your salvation</td><td></td><td>preposition+singular noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td></td><td>divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumicvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>and your commandments</td><td></td><td>prefix conjunction+plural noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`asyty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָשִׂיתִי</span></td><td>I have done</td><td></td><td>qal perfect first person </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shamrah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁמְרָה</span></td><td>savours</td><td></td><td>third person qal perfect feminine</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nàpshy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נַפְשִׁי</span></td><td>my being</td><td></td><td>singular noun+possessive first person pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td></td><td>plural noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)ohabém</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֹהֲבֵם</span></td><td>and I love them</td><td></td><td>connector+first person imperfect+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>m)od</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְאֹד</span></td><td>greatly</td><td></td><td>adverb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shamàrty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁמַרְתִּי</span></td><td>so I keep</td><td></td><td>qal first person perfect (extra s)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td></td><td>plural noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְעֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>and your testimonies</td><td></td><td>prefix conjunction+plural noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky kal drakày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי כָל דְּרָכַי</span></td><td>for all my ways</td><td></td><td>conjunction+modifier+plural noun - truncated ending from possessive first person pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>negdeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נֶגְדֶּךָ</span></td><td>are before you</td><td></td><td>preposition+second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-2429566782885771432010-03-12T20:40:00.000-08:002010-04-22T08:24:52.435-07:00The Psalms used in HebrewsThe psalms are getting some mixed press in the bloggosphere stimulated by <a href="http://lingamish.com/2010/03/what-to-do-with-the-vengeance-of-the-old-testament-skip-it/">this post</a> from David Ker on vengeance in the Old Testament - so I write what has been brewing these last four years on the use of the psalms in the NT - particularly <a href="http://drmacdonald.blogspot.com/2006/09/why-psalms.html">Hebrews</a>. (This <a href="http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q=David%20Ker%20Old%20Testament&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wb">search</a> ht <a href="http://speakeristic.blogspot.com/">JK Gayle</a> will find several of the recent essays on the vengeance texts of the Psalms. They are not absent from the context of Hebrews - but you will find my spin encouraging I hope.)<br />
<br />
The writer of the letter to the Hebrews takes the substance of the dialogue between the Father and the Son almost exclusively from the Psalms. <i>This fact alone should make us rethink our reading of the Old Testament. </i>If we read the Psalter as the writer to that letter did, there is a conversation going on between God the Father and God the Son and we who read are somehow in it.<br />
<br />
Here are the uses of the Psalms in Hebrews sorted in the order of their occurrence in the text. I realize, by the way, that several of the psalms are cited from the Greek version, but I don't do Greek and the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews was not ignorant of some Hebrew, at least as far as glossing Melchizedek and Salem. (And the author took that word apart into its pieces to explain its meaning too -tsk tsk - a translation trap!) If I notice a significant difference between the Hebrew and the Greek which I reference from 'A Comparative Psalter' Ed John R. Kohlenberger III, it will emerge...<br />
<table border="1"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: left;">Text</td><td>Translation</td><td><br />
</td><td>Reference</td><td style="text-align: right;">Meanderings</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td colspan="5">Above the Angels</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה אָמַר אֵלַי</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> בְּנִי אַתָּה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> אֲנִי הַיֹּום יְלִדְתִּיךָ</span></td><td><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span> said to me<br />
My son you are,<br />
I today have birthed you</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 2:7<br />
Hebrews 1:5<br />
(also Acts 13:33)</td><td>It is the Son speaking and declaring the decree concerning himself (see also 2 Samuel 7:14). Today is the one day of creation and redemption. There is but one and that one ever. (Geo. Herbert) i.e. this is not 'adoptionism' unless you want to limit your perception in time. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">הִ</span>שְׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>חֲ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ווּ־לֹו</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כָּל־אֱלֹהִים</span><br />
(The grammar is hithpael imperative of <span class="lexTitleHb">שחה</span>. reflexive / reciprocal? See Lambdin p 249 - incomprehensible!)</td><td>Worship him all gods </td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 97:7<br />
[or Deut 32:43 <a href="http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/bsac/1863_301_mitchell.pdf">LXX</a> <br />
HT <a href="http://polumeros.blogspot.com/2010/04/two-new-articles-added.html">Brian Small]</a> <br />
Hebrews 1:6</td><td>The context of these few words of verse 7 is idolatry. This psalm is one of the royal sequence in the middle of Book 3. It is about the worship of <span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה </span>as king. Hebrews implies that the Son is to be worshiped as <span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה </span>himself. The king of Psalm 2 is identified implicitly then with <span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה.</span>We are not distant, however, and should consider ourselves represented in the person of the Son - not by our presumption but by his choice. (Otherwise, how could we be a part of this conversation?)</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֹשֶׂה מַלְאָכָיו רוּחֹות </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">מְשָׁרְתָיו אֵשׁ לֹהֵט</span></td><td>making his angels spirits, his ministers, fire flaming</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 104:4<br />
Hebrews 1:7 </td><td>This is the first of the last three psalms of Book 3 - It is downplaying angels.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"> כִּסְאֲךָ אֱלֹהִים עֹולָם וָעֶד שֵׁבֶט מִישֹׁר שֵׁבֶט מַלְכוּתֶֽךָ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אָהַבְתָּ צֶּדֶק וַתִּשְׂנָא רֶשַׁע עַל־כֵּן מְשָׁחֲךָ אֱלֹהִים אֱלֹהֶיךָ שֶׁמֶן שָׂשֹׂון מֵחֲבֵרֶיךָ</span></td><td style="text-align: left;">Your throne O God is now and for ever<br />
a sceptre of equity the sceptre of your kingdom<br />
You have loved righteousness and hate wickedness<br />
therefore God your God has anointed you with oil of rejoicing with your companions</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 45:6-7<br />
Hebrews 1:8-9</td><td>Like Psalm 2, Psalm 45, (My heart is inditing...) of the royal wedding, is addressed to the king of Israel. So the writer to the Hebrews is interpreting the address to the king as an address to the Son of whom he speaks. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְפָנִים הָאָרֶץ יָסַדְתָּ וּֽמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיךָ שָׁמָיִם</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">הֵמָּה יֹאבֵדוּ וְאַתָּה תַעֲמֹד וְכֻלָּם כַּבֶּגֶד יִבְלוּ כַּלְּבוּשׁ תַּחֲלִיפֵם וְיַחֲלֹֽפוּ</span> </td><td><span style="font-style: italic;">in the </span>face <span style="font-style: italic;">of the earth you established</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">and the work of your hands, the heavens.</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;"></span>These will perish but you - you will stand<br />
and they all like clothing will decay<br />
as a garment you will change them and they will be changed<br />
but you are the same - and your years will not end</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 102:25-26<br />
Hebrews 1:10-12</td><td>Psalm 102 is about faces- A prayer of the poor when disabled, before the <span style="color: #cc0000;">face </span>of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span> he pours out his talk. The Greek misses the sounds of the Hebrew as any translation almost inevitably does. But the Lord of psalm 102 is not the complainant (the poor) - for the days of the complainant vanish like smoke (v3) in contrast to unending years. So in this case is the writer to the Hebrews allowing the end of the psalm to be a promise addressed to the poor who complains? This becomes a Messianic psalm under such a reading.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נְאֻם יְהוָה לַאדֹנִי</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד־אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ</span></td><td>a proclamation of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span> to my Lord<br />
<span style="color: #cc9933;"></span>Sit at my right hand till I make your enemies your footstool</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 110:1<br />
Hebrews 1:13<br />
(also Matthew 22:44, Acts 2:34-35, 1 Peter 3:22)</td><td>Another royal psalm of a king is applied to the Son. At an earlier time I wrote: let the one who was wounded for us and whose head is lifted up judge those who rule and lead them to drink from the torrent of life-giving water that flowed from his side. May the king live these words into us so that we can understand. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי מַלְאָכָיו יְצַוֶּה־לָּךְ לִשְׁמָרְךָ בְּכָל־דְּרָכֶיךָ</span></td><td>for he will instruct his messengers about you to keep you in all your ways</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 91:11-12<br />
Hebrews 1:14<br />
(also Matthew 4:6, Luke 4:10-11)</td><td>This is barely an allusion but puts the place of angels clearly in service to humanity.</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td colspan="5">Humanity and its role in creation from suffering to praise</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"> <span style="font-size: large;">מָה־אֱנֹושׁ כִּי־תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ וּבֶן־אָדָם כִּי תִפְקְדֶנּוּ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">וַתְּחַסְּרֵהוּ מְּעַט מֵאֱלֹהִים וְכָבֹוד וְהָדָר תְּעַטְּרֵהוּ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">תַּמְשִׁילֵהוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂי יָדֶיךָ כֹּל שַׁתָּה תַחַת־רַגְלָיו</span> </td><td>What is humanity, that you remember it? and the child of the dust that you visit? Yet you filled it less just a little less than God<br />
and with glory and adorning crown it. You give it reign over the works of your hands, all you put under its feet</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 8:4-6 (5-7 MT)<br />
Hebrews 2:6-9<br />
(also 1 Corinthians 15:27, Ephesians 1:22)</td><td>The service note leads the writer directly to Psalm 8 (somewhere there is a passage!) And the identification of Jesus with the <span style="font-size: large;">אֱנֹושׁ </span>of Psalm 8 lets us consider his role in tasting death for all. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲסַפְּרָה שִׁמְךָ לְאֶחָי בְּתֹוךְ קָהָל אֲהַלְלֶֽךָּ</span></td><td>I will declare your name to my kin<br />
In the midst of the congregation I will praise you</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 22:22 (23 MT)<br />
Hebrews 2:12</td><td>The tasting of death leads immediately to Psalm 22 where the motif of death and resurrection is clear. (see also Psalm 35:18, 40:9, 149:1)</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td colspan="5">Entering the Rest - re-framing Torah through a reading of the Psalms</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הַיֹּום אִם־בְּקֹלֹו תִשְׁמָעוּ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אַל־תַּקְשׁוּ לְבַבְכֶם כִּמְרִיבָה כְּיֹום מַסָּה בַּמִּדְבָּר</span> <br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר נִסּוּנִי אֲבֹותֵיכֶם בְּחָנוּנִי גַּם־רָאוּ פָעֳלִי</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה אָקוּט בְּדֹור וָאֹמַר עַם תֹּעֵי לֵבָב הֵם וְהֵם לֹא־יָדְעוּ דְרָכָי</span> <br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי בְאַפִּי אִם־יְבֹאוּן אֶל־מְנוּחָתִי</span></td><td>Today<br />
if you hear his voice<br />
do not harden your heart in rebellion<br />
as if it was the day of testing in the wilderness when your fathers tested me examined me and saw my work<br />
forty years I put up with a generation<br />
and I said these people wander in their hearts and they do not know my ways so I swore in my anger they will not come to my rest</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 95:7-11<br />
Hebrews 3:7-11, 15, 4:7, 4:3-5</td><td>Having laid out for us the exaltation of this man, Jesus, the Son as noted in Hebrews 1:2, we are then invited to consider our situation as 'his house'. Using Psalm 95, the Venite of traditional Mattins, the writer redefines the meaning of 'today' again. There must be a rest to be reached. (Note the anticipation of rest in the story of Ruth. <br />
<div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בִּתִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֲלֹא</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֲ</span>בַקֶּשׁ-<span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָךְ</span> מָנוֹחַ</span></div><div style="text-align: right;">my daughter do I not seek for you rest)</div><div style="text-align: left;">There is work for us, and it is easy to get discouraged. But there also is fruitfulness, rest, and the oil of gladness. Is Psalm 95 one of the 'nice' psalms? Note how it redefines a false literal 7 day creation (as if it was necessary for the centuries to come). This redefinition is confirmed by the NT writers - particularly the writer of this letter and the writer of the Gospel of John.</div></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אַתָּה יָדַעְתָּ שִׁבְתִּי וְקוּמִי בַּנְתָּה לְרֵעִי מֵרָחֹֽוק</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אָרְחִי וְרִבְעִי זֵרִיתָ וְֽכָל־דְּרָכַי הִסְכַּֽנְתָּה</span> </td><td>You - you know my sitting and my rising; you understand my thought from afar; my path and my lying down you sift; and all my ways you know intimately</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 139:2-3<br />
Hebrews 4:13</td><td>The allusion is indirect to Psalm 139 and perhaps more fearful than the psalm, but it illustrates that we are known if indeed we allow such openness as is demonstrated continuously in the human psalmist. Let it never be said "I did not know you" for such knowledge is too precious. Not of the flesh, it is nonetheless truly and fully known in this earthen vessel.</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td colspan="5">The High Priest as taught in the Psalms</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲסַפְּרָה אֶל חֹק יְהוָה אָמַר אֵלַי בְּנִי אַתָּה אֲנִי הַיֹּום יְלִדְתִּיךָ</span></td><td>I will declare the decree: <span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span> said to me: My son you are, I today have birthed you</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 2:7<br />
Hebrews 5:5</td><td>The sonship and priesthood are both declared by God</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נִשְׁבַּע יְהוָה וְלֹא יִנָּחֵם אַתָּֽה־כֹהֵן לְעֹולָם עַל־דִּבְרָתִי מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק</span></td><td><span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span> has sworn and will not repent<br />
you are a priest for ever of the order of Melchizedek</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 110:4<br />
Hebrews 5:6, 7:17, 21</td><td>This little psalm is very important to the NT writers.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֶבַח וּמִנְחָה לֹֽא־חָפַצְתָּ אָזְנַיִם כָּרִיתָ לִּי עֹולָה וַחֲטָאָה לֹא שָׁאָֽלְתָּ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אָז אָמַרְתִּי הִנֵּה־בָאתִי </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">בִּמְגִלַּת־סֵפֶר כָּתוּב עָלָי לַֽעֲשֹֽׂות־רְצֹונְךָ אֱלֹהַי חָפָצְתִּי וְתֹורָתְךָ בְּתֹוךְ מֵעָי</span></td><td>sacrifice and offering you did not delight in, ears you have dug for me, <br />
burnt offering and sin offering you did not require, then I said Here I come, <br />
in the roll of the writing is inscribed of me, to do your will my God I delighted</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 40:6-8<br />
Hebrews 10:5-7</td><td>Ears you have dug - or a body you have prepared. Ears reminds me of the servant song in Isaiah 50. Body is good too - the whole body is taught through the ear opened. <a href="http://drmacdonald.blogspot.com/2008/07/god-obeys-great-commandment.html">Psalm 40</a> is delightful. This human is like the one who created Psalm 119. It is not piety but joy that moves a person so.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נְאֻם יְהוָה לַאדֹנִי שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד־אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ</span></td><td>a proclamation of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span> to my Lord<br />
Sit at my right hand till I make your enemies your footstool</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 110:1<br />
Hebrews 10:12-13 </td><td>This psalm carries the thought of the author through 5 chapters.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי־יָדִין יְהוָה עַמֹּו וְעַל־עֲבָדָיו יִתְנֶחָם</span></td><td>for <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span> will judge his people<br />
<i>and all his servants he will console</i></td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 135:14<br />
Hebrews 10:30</td><td>In the end, it should be noted that the judgment of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span> is wholly positive. </td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td colspan="5">Confidence and Praise also learned from the Psalms</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בֵּֽאלֹהִים בָּטַחְתִּי לֹא אִירָא מַה־יַּעֲשֶׂה אָדָם לִי</span></td><td>In God I will trust<br />
I will not fear<br />
What will humus do to me?</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 56:11<br />
Hebrews 13:6</td><td>on the disabled, mute, bound dove in the distance, of David, a miktam - the Psalms are the biggest and best book of the Bible. Read them all.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה לִי לֹא אִירָא מַה־יַּעֲשֶׂה לִי אָדָם</span></td><td><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה </span>for me - I will not fear What can a human do to me? </td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 118:6<br />
Hebrews 13:6</td><td>Read a little further in Psalm 118 and you find destruction by circumcision. How does the Created order overcome its self-centered self-destructive actions? It chooses the sign of circumcision and in such prefigures the death of Jesus (Colossians 2:11).The gospel then invites self-destruction in Christ Jesus establishing our death and passage through judgment. The new life that follows confirms the rightness of the choice. Our choice - our being chosen. This is the narrow door of election and the means of digging our ears.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זְבַח לֵאלֹהִים תֹּודָה וְשַׁלֵּם לְעֶלְיֹון נְדָרֶיךָ</span></td><td>Sacrifice thanksgiving to God<br />
and pay your vows to the Most High</td><td><br />
</td><td>Psalm 50:14<br />
Hebrews 13:15</td><td>A Sacrifice of thanksgiving is all that is left to do. Today was not an easy day - again I made lots of mistakes and had to undo them. My logic needs the cutting edge of others' criticism. I know it is no easier for anyone else. I will find thanksgiving in the blooms of the garden and in a restful weekend. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-89117184016069715692010-03-09T12:27:00.000-08:002010-03-09T16:26:41.800-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 20 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְאֵה עָנְיִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>חַלְּצֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁכָחְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>Regard my affliction and deliver me<br />
for your teaching I do not forget </td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רִיבָה רִיבִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> וּ</span>גְאָלֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִ</span> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">חַיֵּ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td>Reason my reason and redeem me<br />
in your promise give me life </td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָחוֹק <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>רְשָׁעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> יְשׁוּעָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> דָרָשׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span></span></td><td>Remote is salvation from the wicked<br />
for your statutes they do not seek </td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַחֲמֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> רַבִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">חַיֵּ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td>Rich are your mercies יְהוָה<br />
by your judgments give me life</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַבִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> רֹדְפַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>צָרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>עֵדְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> נָטִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span></span></td><td>Running after me are my many troublers<br />
from your testimonies I do not waver</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָאִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span> בֹגְדִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאֶתְ</span>קוֹטָטָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁמָר<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span></span></td><td>Regarded I transgressors and I was distressed<br />
that your promise they disregard</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְאֵה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> פִקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> אָהָבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>חַסְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">חַיֵּ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td>Regard how I love your precepts יְהוָה<br />
in your loving kindness give me life</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רֹאשׁ דְּבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> אֱמֶת</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּלְ</span>עוֹלָם כָּל מִשְׁפַּט צִדְקֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td>Right away your word is truth<br />
and for ever is every judgment of your righteousness</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
R has at least the benefit of many words in English.There are three pleas for life in part 20. They are all at the end of a colon - why should English poetry change their place? (In my prior versions I smoothed out the English. There was in these cases no need to do this. There was no need to do this in these cases. In these cases to do this there was no need. No need was there in these cases this to do. Seven cola end with action in the Hebrew. Since we all share the same linear time, seven English cola should with action also end. The ending actions follow a pattern: I - give me life - then - give me life - I - they - give me life - you.<br />
<br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>r)éh `anyy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְאֵה עָנְיִי</span></td><td>Regard my affliction</td><td>qal imperative+singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vxàlcény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְחַלְּצֵנִי</span></td><td>and deliver me</td><td>connecting conjunction+qal imperative+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky tvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי תוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>for your instruction</td><td>conjunction+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td>negative particle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shakaxty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁכָחְתִּי</span></td><td>do I forget</td><td>qal perfect first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rybah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רִיבָה</span></td><td>reason</td><td>qal imperative</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ryby</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רִיבִי</span></td><td>my reason</td><td>singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vug)alény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּגְאָלֵנִי</span></td><td>and redeem me</td><td>connector+qal imperative+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l)imratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְאִמְרָתְךָ</span></td><td>in your promise</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàyény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּנִי</span></td><td>give me life</td><td>piel imperative+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>raxvoq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָחוֹק</span></td><td>remote</td><td>adjective</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mérsha`ym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵרְשָׁעִים</span></td><td>from the wicked</td><td>preposition+plural noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yshvu`ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְשׁוּעָה</span></td><td>is salvation</td><td>noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td>conjunction</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo) darashvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא דָרָשׁוּ</span></td><td>they do not seek</td><td>negative particle+third person qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ràxameyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַחֲמֶיךָ</span></td><td>your mercies</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ràbym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַבִּים</span></td><td>are rich (great /...)</td><td>plural adjective</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td>divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kmishpa+eyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span></td><td>by your judgments</td><td>preposition+plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàyény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּנִי</span></td><td>give me life</td><td>piel imperative+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ràbym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַבִּים</span></td><td>are many</td><td>plural adjective</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rodpày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רֹדְפַי</span></td><td>runners after me (my persecutors)</td><td>participle with first person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vcaray</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְצָרָי</span></td><td>and my troublers</td><td>conjunction+plural noun with first person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mé`édvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵעֵדְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>from your testimonies</td><td>preposition+plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td>negative particle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>na+yty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָטִיתִי</span></td><td>do I waver</td><td>qal perfect first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ra)yty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָאִיתִי</span></td><td>regarded I</td><td>qal perfect first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bogdym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בֹגְדִים</span></td><td>transgressors</td><td>plural noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)etqvo+a+ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֶתְקוֹטָטָה</span></td><td>and I was distressed</td><td>hithpolel imperfect note the double tet! And the extra taf in the prefix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)asher</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר</span></td><td>that</td><td>relative pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)imratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָתְךָ</span></td><td>your promise</td><td>singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo) shamarvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא שָׁמָרוּ</span></td><td>they disregard</td><td>negative particle+third person qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>r)éh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְאֵה</span></td><td>regard</td><td>imperative</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי פִקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>for your precepts</td><td>conjunction + plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahabty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהָבְתִּי</span></td><td>I love</td><td>first person qal perfect - note how many of these I have rendered as continuing present</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td>divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kxàsdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּחַסְדְּךָ</span></td><td>by your loving kindness</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàyény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּנִי</span></td><td>give me life</td><td>third time this request - pronoun affixed as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ro)sh dbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רֹאשׁ דְּבָרְךָ</span></td><td>right away your word</td><td>noun in construct + singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)emet</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֱמֶת</span></td><td>is truth</td><td>noun predicate - implied copula</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vul`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּלְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>and for ever</td><td>connector + preposition+noun - why move it in the sentence?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal mishpà+</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל מִשְׁפַּט</span></td><td>every judgment of</td><td>adjective+noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cidqka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקֶךָ</span></td><td>your righteousness</td><td>singular noun with second person singular possessive pronoun affix</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-84825182157016679692010-03-08T19:11:00.000-08:002010-03-08T19:11:24.147-08:00On Finishing the PsalterI have asked questions about the translation of a curious piece of Hebrew <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/03/ok-what-does-this-mean-and-why-big.html">here</a>. I really should have posted the text on this blog since it pertains specifically to the psalter. Two respondents (Rachel Barenblat of the <a href="http://velveteenrabbi.blogs.com/blog/">Velveteen Rabbi</a> and Joel Hoffman of <a href="http://goddidntsaythat.com/">God Didn't Say That</a> so far have contributed to a partial solution to the questions asked. <br />
<br />
After 40 of 44 grammar exercises, (see the links on letter by letter at the side) I am beginning to understand grammar better. I am also working my way slowly though a book on <i>The Verbless Clause in Biblical Hebrew</i>. I loved essays number 1 and 3 - wonderful exercises in presenting the raw data: <i>Pivotal Issues in Analyzing the Verbless Clause</i> by Cynthia Miller. And <i>Are Nominal Clauses a Distinct Clausal Type?</i> by Cameron Sinclair. Sinclair was a relief after Walter Gross <i>Is there Really a Compound Nominal Clause in Biblical Hebrew? </i> I think he concluded yes - but I was somewhat mystified.<br />
<br />
Gross, like Buth, whom I am reading now, introduce a number of new terms that I find of limited usefulness. They don't stick in my memory. Sinclair, in contrast, offers example after example where 'to be' was in a clause with exactly the same pattern of subject and predicate as clauses without 'to be'. He concluded "that nominal or verbless sentences exhibit the same range of complement types as sentences that appear with the verb 'to be' when it functions as a copula."<br />
<br />
Buth is going over generative-functional grammar concepts. I can spell these and I have read some of my son-in-law's work on the subject, but the terminology is not exactly reader-friendly. He does consider some aspects of tone that I think are very important - not for semantics but for impact. I don't think I will ever be able to communicate Hebrew to English readers purely by the reading of a book as if I were reading Winnie-the-Pooh to someone. But I assure you, I don't read WtP monotonically - a non-English speaking person would get much of the story from tone and presence in the aural performance. My model for this reading was Maurice Evans - who did these stories on vinyl years ago. They are available here and are <a href="http://www.amalgamatron.com/mp3s/pooh/">wonderful</a>. I would like to hear the Bible read this way in English with a good literal translation - retaining as much word-order as possible because of the dramatic effects (fronting is what Buth would say). But we need to hear - not explain with big words.<br />
<br />
We have a long way to go.Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-9652228709825859132010-03-08T16:34:00.000-08:002010-03-08T16:34:22.620-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 19 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קָרָא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>כָל לֵב עֲנֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>צֹּרָה</span></td><td>Queried I with a whole heart, hear me יְהוָה<br />
I will observe your statutes</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קְרָא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִיךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוֹ</span>שִׁיעֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שְׁמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span></td><td>Queried I you, save me<br />
and I will keep your testimonies</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קִדַּמְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַ</span>נֶּשֶׁף</span><span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאֲ</span>שַׁוֵּעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>דְבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יִחָלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>Quested I in a twilight hour and I cried out<br />
on your word I wait</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קִדְּמ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> עֵינַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אַשְׁמֻר<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָ</span>שִׂיחַ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>אִמְרָתֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td>Quested my eyes in the night watches<br />
to meditate on your promise</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קוֹלִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> שִׁמְעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְ</span>חַסְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> חַיֵּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td>Quest of mine, hear by your loving kindness יְהוָה<br />
give me life by your judgments</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קָרְבוּ רֹדְפֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> זִמָּה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>תּוֹרָתְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> רָחָק<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span></span></td><td>Quite near are those following mischief<br />
they are far from your teaching</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קָרוֹב אַתָּה יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>כָל מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> אֱמֶת</span></td> <td>Quite near are you יְהוָה<br />
and all your commandments are truth</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קֶדֶם יָדַעְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם יְסַדְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּם</span></span></td> <td>Quite from of old I knew from your testimonies<br />
for you established them from everlasting</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
Details - two queries, three quests and three quites - no wonder Q is worth 10 points as a first letter!<br />
I have done some oddball glosses for some of these prepositions - I don't want explanations to get in the way of the poem - for instance, does the poet quiet a little during this segment? What could be known 'from' testimonies? Is it that they in their presence in us speak even before we have knowledge?<br />
<br />
What can I say below word by word that is not now obvious grammatically? Oh well - what I have to do is go through the motions as if this were a final exam and something pops out that I wasn't expecting when I began - like correcting a few errors.<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>qara)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קָרָאתִי</span></td><td>Queried I</td><td>First person qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bkal léb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְכָל לֵב</span></td><td>with all heart</td><td>preposition + qualifier + noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`anény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֲנֵנִי</span></td><td>hear me</td><td>imperative with object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>LORD</td><td>divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ecorah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶצֹּרָה</span></td><td>I will observe</td><td>first person qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qra)tyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קְרָאתִיךָ</span></td><td>Queried I you</td><td>First person qal perfect+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hvoshy`ény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הוֹשִׁיעֵנִי</span></td><td>save me</td><td>hiphil imperative+object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)eshmrah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשְׁמְרָה</span></td><td>and I will keep</td><td>connector+first person qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qidàmty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קִדַּמְתִּי</span></td><td>quested I</td><td>first person piel perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bànesheph</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בַנֶּשֶׁף</span></td><td>in a twilight hour</td><td>preposition+noun indefinite</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)ashàvué`ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֲשַׁוֵּעָה</span></td><td>and I cried out</td><td>connector+first person qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lidbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִדְבָרְךָ</span></td><td>on your word</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yixalty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִחָלְתִּי</span></td><td>I wait</td><td>first person piel perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qidmvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קִדְּמוּ</span></td><td>quested</td><td>third person plural piel perfect (piel is invisible without the dot in these cases)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`éynày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵינַי</span></td><td>my eyes</td><td>plural noun with first person singular possessive pronoun as subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)àshmurvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אַשְׁמֻרוֹת</span></td><td>in the night watches</td><td>no preposition but required in English + plural noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lasyàx</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לָשִׂיחַ</span></td><td>to meditate</td><td>preposition+qal infinitive</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>b)imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּאִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>on your promise</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qvoly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קוֹלִי</span></td><td>Quest of mine</td><td>singular noun with first person singular possessive pronoun as object of </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shim`ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׁמְעָה</span></td><td>hear</td><td>imperative (qal)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kxàsdeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְחַסְדֶּךָ</span></td><td>by your loving kindness</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>LORD</td><td>divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kmishpa+eka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּמִשְׁפָּטֶךָ</span></td><td>by your judgments</td><td>preposition+plural noun with second person possessive pronoun - my gloss for as/ /according to is short and unexpected</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàyény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּנִי</span></td><td>give me life</td><td>imperative (piel note dot in yod) with object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qarbvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קָרְבוּ</span></td><td>quite near</td><td>third person plural (they come near)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rodpéy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רֹדְפֵי</span></td><td>are those following</td><td>participle in construct</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zimah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זִמָּה</span></td><td>mischief</td><td>noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mitvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִתּוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>from your instruction</td><td>preposition+singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>raxaqvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָחָקוּ</span></td><td>they are far</td><td>third person plural</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qarvob</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קָרוֹב</span></td><td>quite near</td><td>adjective as predicate</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)àtah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אַתָּה</span></td><td>are you</td><td>pronoun as subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>LORD</td><td>divine name</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vkal micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְכָל מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>and all your commandments</td><td>connector+qualifier+plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)emet</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֱמֶת</span></td><td>are truth</td><td>noun - implied copula</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qdem</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קֶדֶם</span></td><td>quite from of old</td><td>temporal reference</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yadà`ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָדַעְתִּי</span></td><td>I knew</td><td>first person qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mé`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵעֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>from your testimonies</td><td>preposition+plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td>conjunction indicating cause</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>to everlasting</td><td>preposition+noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ysàdtam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְסַדְתָּם</span></td><td>you established them</td><td>second person qal perfect+object pronoun</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-77866096735569948022010-03-07T18:03:00.000-08:002010-03-07T18:06:32.151-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 18 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צַדִּיק אַתָּה יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>יָשָׁר מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span></td><td>So just you are יְהוָה<br />
and your judgments are straightforward</td> </tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִוִּי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָ</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">צֶדֶק עֵדֹ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #93c47d;">וֶ</span>אֱמוּנָה <span style="color: #45818e;">מְאֹד</span></span></td><td>Set you have the righteousness of your testimonies<br />
and great faithfulness</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִמְּתַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְנִי</span> קִנְאָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי שָׁכְח<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> דְבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ </span></span><span style="font-size: large;">צָרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> </span></td><td>Struck me out did my zeal<br />
for my troublers forgot your words</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צְרוּפָה אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #45818e;">מְאֹד</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>עַבְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> אֲהֵבָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הּ</span></span></td><td>Smeltered greatly is your promise<br />
and your servant loves it</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צָעִיר אָנֹכִי </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>נִבְזֶה </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">פִּקֻּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁכָחְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>Small am I and of no account<br />
I have not forgotten your precepts</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">צֶדֶק </span><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">וְתוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> אֱמֶת</span></td><td>Saving righteousness - yours - is righteousness for ever<br />
and your teaching is truth</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צַר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מָצוֹק מְצָא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוֹתֶיךָ שַׁעֲשֻׁעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td>Strain and struggle stress me<br />
your commandments are my delight</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #e69138;">צֶדֶק עֵדְ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹתֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם </span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֲ</span>בִינֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>חְיֶה</span></td><td>Such righteousness of your testimonies is everlasting<br />
let me understand and I will live</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Alas, English has no corresponding initial sound to Tsade so I am reduced to an S. Look for my compensating repetition of s's and t's. Above is my usual grammar colour and a few keywords in this segment of the poem. Below I will try and indicate subject and predicate.<br />
<br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>càdyq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צַדִּיק</span></td><td>so just</td><td>predicate</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)àtah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אַתָּה</span></td><td>you </td><td>subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td>subject, apposition</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vyashar</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְיָשָׁר</span></td><td>and straightforward</td><td>conjunction+predicate</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishpa+eyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span></td><td>your judgments</td><td>subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>civuyta</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִוִּיתָ</span></td><td>set (commanded, constituted, appointed) you have</td><td>verb second person singular </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cedeq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צֶדֶק</span></td><td>the righteousness of</td><td>Can righteousness modify testimonies as an adjective when it is not in agreement in number? I don't think so - so I am taking this as construct</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td>completing the construct predicate - usual plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ve)emvunah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וֶאֱמוּנָה</span></td><td>and faithfulness</td><td>now what does this phrase modify?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>m)od</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְאֹד</span></td><td>great</td><td>does it apply to the testimonies or does it stand alone as a second predicate? Adjective modifying faithfulness I think.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cimtàtny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִמְּתַתְנִי</span></td><td>struck me out</td><td>This is a very amusing gloss - but it does mean what it says if you allow the baseball idiom!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qin)aty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קִנְאָתִי</span></td><td>my zeal</td><td>singular pronoun subject of the prior verb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky shakxvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי שָׁכְחוּ</span></td><td>for they forgot</td><td>the reason for the strikeout</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbareyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְבָרֶיךָ</span></td><td>your words</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>caray</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צָרָי</span></td><td>my troublers</td><td>plural noun with first person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>crvupah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צְרוּפָה</span></td><td>smeltered is</td><td>pure - so smeltered as refined</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)imratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָתְךָ</span></td><td>your promise</td><td>singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>m)od</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְאֹד</span></td><td>greatly</td><td>modifying the verb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v`àbdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְעַבְדְּךָ</span></td><td>and your servant</td><td>singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahébah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲהֵבָהּ</span></td><td>loves it</td><td>Third person singular qal perfect with feminine object pronoun. I sometimes miss these. Of course you have to read the entire Lambdin before you can start on anything. It's not the way I live. I learn by doing and my sieve has holes in it so I miss things.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ca`yr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צָעִיר</span></td><td>small</td><td>Predicate</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)anoky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָנֹכִי</span></td><td>am I</td><td>subject - stand-alone pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vnibzeh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְנִבְזֶה</span></td><td>and of no account</td><td>connector+niphal participle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּקֻּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun object of the verb to come</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td>negative particle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shakaxty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁכָחְתִּי</span></td><td>have I forgotten</td><td>first person qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cidqatka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקָתְךָ</span></td><td>saving righteousness yours</td><td>singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cedeq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צֶדֶק</span></td><td>is righteousness</td><td>implied copula</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>for ever</td><td>to the age, preposition+noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vtvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְתוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>and your instruction</td><td>connector+singular noun with second person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)emet</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֱמֶת</span></td><td>is truth</td><td>implied copula+noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>càr vumacvoq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #a64d79;">צַ</span>ר וּמָ<span style="color: #a64d79;">צ</span>וֹק</span></td><td><span style="color: #a64d79;">st</span>rain and <span style="color: #a64d79;">st</span>ruggle</td><td>the poet is showing off assonance</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mca)vuny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְ<span style="color: #a64d79;">צָ</span>אוּנִי</span></td><td><span style="color: #a64d79;">st</span>ress me</td><td>read the st backwards and you have ts! This is of course a third person plural with an object pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִ<span style="color: #a64d79;">צְ</span>וֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your commandmen<span style="color: #a64d79;">ts</span></td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun - subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shà`ashu`ay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׁעֲשֻׁעָי</span></td><td>are my delight</td><td>predicate implied copula singular noun with first person possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cedeq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צֶדֶק</span></td><td>such righteousness of</td><td>Need the s but 'such' isn't there</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td>plural noun with second person possessive pronoun - subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>is everlasting</td><td>preposition+noun predicate with implied copula</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>habynény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֲבִינֵנִי</span></td><td>have me understand</td><td>must he a hiphil imperative+pronoun object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)exyeh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶחְיֶה</span></td><td>and I will live</td><td>connector+first person imperfect</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-32384192971064216892010-03-04T12:59:00.000-08:002011-01-22T12:31:23.615-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 17 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּלָא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> עֵדְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹתֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן נְצָרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַם</span> נַפְשִׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td>Plenty of wonders are your testimonies<br />
therefore my being will observe them</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פֵּתַח דְּבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יָ</span>אִיר </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>בִין פְּתָיִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span></span></td><td>Penetration of your words gives light<br />
making wise the peon</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> פָעַרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאֶ</span>שְׁאָפָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>מִצְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹתֶיךָ</span> יָאָבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td>Part I my mouth and sigh heavily<br />
for to your commandments is my desire</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּנֵה אֵלַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>חָנֵּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>מִשְׁפָּט</span><span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>אֹהֲבֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> שְׁמֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></td><td>Put your face to me and have mercy on me<br />
according to the judgment of those loving your name</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּעָמַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הָ</span>כֵן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאַל</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>שְׁלֶט <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בִּי</span> כָל אָוֶן</span></td><td>Place my steps in your promise<br />
and do not let any mischief have grasp over me</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּדֵנִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>עֹשֶׁק אָדָם</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שְׁמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> פִּקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span></td><td>Preserve me from the oppression of a human<br />
and I will keep your precepts</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פָּנֶי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הָ</span>אֵר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>עַבְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>לַמְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶת</span> חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span></td><td>Pyre your face on your servant<br />
and teach me Oh! your statutes</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פַּלְגֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> מַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִם</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יָ</span>רְד<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> עֵינָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">עַל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁמְר<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span></td><td>Pouring streams run down from my eyes<br />
that they do not keep your teaching</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<br />
Details - in line with my reading of the Verbless Cause in Biblical Hebrew book, I am going to begin to identify the subject / predicate in each of the cola. Some results that I see in narrative verses from the subject book I find quite unexpected - like places where the adjective is postponed till the end of the sentence. E.g. Numbers 32:1 - where's the subject? Where's the predicate? I think there is a mistranslation when the translator collects all the bits of the subject together and makes it sound like 'natural' English. If you are translating a story, then don't mess up the original story-teller's drama. How would you phrase this opening of the chapter?<br />
<div style="text-align: right;">and livestock many there were to the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad - substantial - lots</div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מִקְנֶה רַב הָיָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>בְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נֵי</span> רְאוּבֵן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְלִ</span>בְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נֵי</span>־גָד עָצוּם מְאֹד</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">Here's my suggestion</span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: small;">And there were many livestock belonging to the children of Reuben and the children of Gad,</span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: small;"> a substantial amount. </span></div><br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>pla)vot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּלָאוֹת</span></td><td>Plenty of wonders</td><td>plural adjective feminine form - predicate</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>are your testimonies</td><td>plural noun with second person personal possessive pronoun - subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl kén</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן</span></td><td>therefore</td><td>conjunction</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ncaratàm</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נְצָרָתַם</span></td><td>will observe them</td><td>third person singular with pronoun object - predicate</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nàpshy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נַפְשִׁי</span></td><td>my being</td><td>soul, life, me, singular noun with possessive first person pronoun - subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>pétàx</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פֵּתַח</span></td><td>Penetration of</td><td>Opening construct subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbareyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְּבָרֶיךָ</span></td><td>your words</td><td>completing the construct plural possessive - subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ya)yr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָאִיר</span></td><td>gives light</td><td>predicate (hiphil?) singular third person imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mébyn</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵבִין</span></td><td>making wise</td><td>hiphil participle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ptayym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּתָיִים</span></td><td>the simple</td><td>peon and penetrate match the sound game in the Hebrew - the phrase is consequential, the word is plural masculine form</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>py pa`àrty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּי פָעַרְתִּי</span></td><td>Part I my mouth</td><td>object-verb (perfect)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)esh)apah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֶשְׁאָפָה</span></td><td>and sigh heavily</td><td>connector + preterite both verbs first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td>conjunction</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lmicvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְמִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>in your commandments</td><td>predicate plural feminine possessive singular second person - this needs some longing for an effective translation</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ya)abty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָאָבְתִּי</span></td><td>I have longed</td><td>perfect first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>pnéh )élày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּנֵה אֵלַי</span></td><td>Put your face to me</td><td>qal imperative with preposition and first person pronoun as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vxanény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְחָנֵּנִי</span></td><td>and have mercy on me</td><td>qal imperative with first person object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kmishpa+</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּמִשְׁפָּט</span></td><td>for judgment</td><td>the kaf preposition makes me want to get across the 'like' aspect rather than a 'causative' aspect - that forces me into construct thinking</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l)ohabéy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְאֹהֲבֵי</span></td><td>to those loving</td><td>the lamed preposition makes me wonder if I have missed the point - what kind of vindication does the poet have in mind?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shmeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שְׁמֶךָ</span></td><td>your name</td><td>predicate noun with possessive second person singular pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>p`amày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּעָמַי</span></td><td>my steps</td><td>This is a tall order - plural noun object with first person possessive pronoun thus truncating the usual plural ending</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hakén</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הָכֵן</span></td><td>Place</td><td>imperative </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>b)imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּאִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>in your promise</td><td>what a secure place</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)àl tàshle+</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאַל תַּשְׁלֶט</span></td><td>and let not have grasp</td><td>conjunction + negative particle + imperfect jussive</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>by</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בִּי</span></td><td>over me</td><td>preposition + pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal )aven</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָל אָוֶן</span></td><td>any mischief</td><td>subject of the prior verb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>pdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>preserve me</td><td>imperative</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mé`osheq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵעֹשֶׁק</span></td><td>from the oppression</td><td>preposition + construct as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)adam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָדָם</span></td><td>of a human</td><td>rest of the construct</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)eshmrah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשְׁמְרָה</span></td><td>and I will keep</td><td>qal imperfect first person</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td>plural possessed noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>paneyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פָּנֶיךָ</span></td><td>your face</td><td>singular possessed noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ha)ér</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הָאֵר</span></td><td>pyre</td><td>hiphil - from the fire of creation - let there be light</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>b`àbdeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּעַבְדֶּךָ</span></td><td>on your servant</td><td>you can do this one</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vlàmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְלַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>and teach me</td><td>and this one</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)et xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶת חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>Oh your statutes</td><td>the 'Oh' is not needed!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>pàlgéy màyim</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פַּלְגֵי מַיִם</span></td><td>pouring streams</td><td>these flowing waters remind us of Psalms 1, 42, 46</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yardvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָרְדוּ</span></td><td>descend from</td><td>descending - flowing - running down like the dew of Hermon in Psalm 133</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`éynay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵינָי</span></td><td>my eyes</td><td>clear grammar, right?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl lo) shamrvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל לֹא שָׁמְרוּ</span></td><td>that they do not keep</td><td>there is no because here - the preposition is simpler</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvorateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תוֹרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>your instruction</td><td>teaching or instruction is preferable to law</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-69074395525896170602010-03-02T13:10:00.000-08:002010-03-11T08:26:17.828-08:00Psalm 27 - a reflectionI recently updated my translation of Psalm 27, our lectionary psalm on Sunday. I am still in favour of terse poetry when translating Hebrew. But that doesn't stop the elaboration of the prayer. I have coloured what may be keywords in the psalm. These are words that bind the thought of the psalm together. They are often repeated in patterns - so stop. look. and listen. as you 'read'. (Also see the link below to Neale's commentary now fully online and rich in detail of the reception history of the psalms within Christendom.)<br />
<br />
of David<br />
This is a song of the beloved for the gifts known in a complex and troubled world <br />
<div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
my light and my <span style="color: #a64d79;">deliverance</span><br />
whom will I fear?<br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
the strength of my <span style="color: #e69138;">life</span><br />
whom will I dread?<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">Do we need the copula - an endless progression of forms of the verb 'to be'? Does the translator have to force one reading of the text? (<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It is common for the translator to spell out one of many possible ways of combining nouns in Hebrew <span class="SpellE">verbless</span> clauses. This is sometimes more a paraphrase than a translation. It is always a choice.</span>)</div>in drawing near to me<br />
to break<br />
to eat even my flesh<br />
my <span style="color: #cc0000;">troublers </span>and my enemies <br />
<div style="text-align: left;">I used 'break' to allude to psalm 2 - 'you will break them with a rod of iron'. Also reflecting on the Eucharist, break and eat show the king absorbing the evil brought against him.</div>they - to me<br />
they stumbled and fell<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">You can make one sentence out of these 6 lines as in the traditional translation (When the wicked, [even] mine enemies and my foes, came upon me to eat up my flesh, they stumbled and fell.) but why not pause and savour the construction? The pronoun 'they' is explicit and the construction 'to me' is repeated. Here is the warning not to eat the Eucharist lightly. (See the comment on this verse in the link to Neale below where <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">this idea is also expressed in the <span class="SpellE">Gallican</span> tradition.</span>)</div><br />
If an army against me is armed<br />
my <span style="color: #cc6600;">heart </span>will not fear<br />
if war arises against me<br />
in this I - even I will trust<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">'this' is unspecified as to its antecedent. Is it the confidence of verse 1 or does it refer to the armies armed against me? I have repeated the 'I' since the pronoun is (again unnecessarily) explicit in the Hebrew. </div>One thing I have desired from <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"> </span>that thing I will <span style="color: #45818e;">seek</span><br />
that I may live in the house of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
all the days of my <span style="color: #e69138;">life</span><br />
to gaze on the beauty of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"> </span>and to reflect in his temple<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">What in his temple will I reflect? Or is the gloss 'inquire' better? I chose reflect because of the visual sense of the prior word and the 'seek' is already suggesting determined inquiry.</div>for he will treasure me in his booth in a day of evil<br />
he will <span style="color: #009900;">hide</span> me <span style="color: #38761d;">hidden </span>in his tent<br />
on a rock he will raise me up<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">Some degree of concordance is required to show the poet's use of language even in translation - so I have chosen 'hide' for those roots related to hide and treasure for the other (re treasure compare Exodus 2:2-3 and Song 7:13 - the word is also a theme in Job. See my brief and incomplete word study on <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2009/06/cover-secret-hide-conceal-withdraw.html">cover, secret, hide, conceal, withdraw</a>.)</div>and now my head will be raised up above my enemies surrounding me<br />
and I will offer in his tent sacrifices of joy<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">Sacrifice and offering from the one who is raised up. I wonder if people have used this as anticipation of the intercession of the risen Jesus as described by the letter to the Hebrews. (See what you can find in J. M. Neale 4 volume commentary on the Psalms, <span style="font-style: italic;">primitive and medieval writers and from the various office books and hymns of the Roman, Mozarabic, Ambrosian, Gallican, Greek, Coptic, Armenian, and Syriac Rites</span>. Online and open at the right page <a href="http://www.archive.org/stream/commentaryonpsal01nealuoft#page/360/mode/2up">here</a>.)</div>I will sing and I will give praise to <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
Hear <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
my voice<br />
I will call<br />
have mercy on me and answer me<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">The encounter is heart to heart and face to face.</div>You said to my <span style="color: #cc6600;">heart</span><br />
<span style="color: #45818e;">seek </span>my face<br />
even your face <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
I will <span style="color: #45818e;">seek</span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div>do not <span style="color: #009900;">hide</span> your face from me<br />
do not push your servant away in anger<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">Notice how hide surrounds this part of the text. I always look for such repetition in prose and poetry. <br />
There is a little motet by Farrant based on this verse. <br />
<object height="340" width="560"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/3OMDqvPj7oc&hl=en_US&fs=1&"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/3OMDqvPj7oc&hl=en_US&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="560" height="340"></embed></object><br />
<br />
</div>You became my help<br />
you will not leave me and you will not forsake me<br />
O God of my <span style="color: #a64d79;">deliverance</span><br />
for my father and my mother forsake me<br />
but <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
will gather me<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">I did not use salvation but deliverance here and above. I like salvation but it is so talked about that we cannot hear its impact. Deliverance followed by trouble is the outer envelope of this psalm. Evil turns up once in the middle too itself surrounded by the seek-hide paired sequence.</div>Teach me <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
your way<br />
and lead me in a plain path for the sake of my watchers<br />
do not give me to the throat of my <span style="color: #cc0000;">troublers</span><br />
for false witnesses are set against me breathing violence<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">Who are the players in this psalm: the troublers, the enemies, the watchers, the false witnesses? (The watchers as a word occurs 5 times only and all these are in the psalms. That gloss for <span class="lexTitleHb">(shurar) שורר</span> is in BDB page 1004 but is not noted in my Hebrew-Latin concordance. The KJV renders the word as enemies - but what sort of enemies? Plug it into Google translate and see what you get.)</div>...what if I had not believed I would see the goodness of <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
in the land of the <span style="color: #e69138;">living</span>?<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">One could see life and living as another word pairing.</div>wait on <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
be resolute and he will assure your <span style="color: #cc6600;">heart</span><br />
so wait on <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div></div>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-90214710715872513062010-02-12T11:26:00.000-08:002010-02-12T11:26:48.978-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 16 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #e69138;">עָשִׂ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span> מִשְׁפָּט <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>צֶדֶק</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַּל</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>נִּיחֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עֹשְׁקָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td>I have dealt judgment and righteousness<br />
do not leave me to those oppressing me</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עֲרֹב עַבְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>טוֹב</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">אַל</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יַ</span>עַשְׁקֻ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> זֵדִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Insure your servant for good<br />
the proud will not oppress me</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵינַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> כָּל<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>ישׁוּעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּלְ</span>אִמְרַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ת</span> צִדְקֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> </span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">I - I - my eyes - faint for your salvation<br />
and for the promise of your righteousness</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #e69138;">עֲשֵׂה</span> </span><span style="font-size: large;">עִם עַבְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְ</span>חַסְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> לַמְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">I ask you to deal with your servant according to your mercy<br />
and teach me your statutes</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עַבְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> אָנִי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֲ</span>בִינֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֵ</span>דְעָה עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">I am your servant, let me understand<br />
that I may know your testimonies</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵת <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לַ</span><span style="color: #e69138;">עֲשׂ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לַ</span>יהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">הֵפֵר<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> תּוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">It is time for dealing - for יְהוָה<br />
they have frustrated your teaching</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן אָהַבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>זָּהָב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּמִ</span>פָּז</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">I have loved your commandments therefore<br />
above gold and fine gold</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן <span style="color: #45818e;">כָּל</span> פִּקּוּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #45818e;">כֹל</span> יִשָּׁרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #45818e;">כָּל</span> אֹרַח שֶׁקֶר שָׂנֵא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Indeed all your precepts - all - I find agreeable<br />
every path of deceit I hate </td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
While following Hebrew word order is sometimes slavish - and I do not always do it, the reversal of predicate and subject in English poetry is common. So I do delay the subject as Hebrew does, especially when I am reading parallels. Slow down to read. This is a bumpy road with many flowers by the wayside, not to mention several ditches. Here is where we deal.<br />
<br />
Details - Google has made table processing very difficult. Software changes have been made to their online editor without testing. There are many bugs in it. So the following legal but uneditable table is left without comments. Still it is a good exercise to check word by word for grammar or my idiosyncratic renderings.<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>`asyty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָשִׂיתִי</span></td><td>I have dealt</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishpa+</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפָּט</span></td><td>judgment</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vacedeq</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָצֶדֶק</span></td><td>and righteousness</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bàl tànyxény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בַּל תַּנִּיחֵנִי</span></td><td>do not leave me</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`oshqay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעֹשְׁקָי</span></td><td>to those oppressing me</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`arob</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֲרֹב</span></td><td>Insure</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àbdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַבְדְּךָ</span></td><td>your servant</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l+vob</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְטוֹב</span></td><td>for good</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)àl yà`àshquny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אַל יַעַשְׁקֻנִי</span></td><td>not will they oppress me</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zédym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֵדִים</span></td><td>the proud</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`éynày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵינַי</span></td><td>Iyiyi - my eyes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kalvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּלוּ</span></td><td>faint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lyshvu`ateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִישׁוּעָתֶךָ</span></td><td>for your salvation</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vul)imràt</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּלְאִמְרַת</span></td><td>and for the promise of</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cidqka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקֶךָ</span></td><td>your righteousness</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`aséh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֲשֵׂה</span></td><td>I ask you to deal</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`im `àbdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עִם עַבְדְּךָ</span></td><td>with your servant</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kxàsdeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְחַסְדֶּךָ</span></td><td>according to your mercy</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vxuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְחֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>and your statutes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>làmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>teach me</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àbdka )any</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַבְדְּךָ אָנִי</span></td><td>I am your servant</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>habynény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֲבִינֵנִי</span></td><td>have me understand</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)éd`ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֵדְעָה</span></td><td>that I may know</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`ét</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵת</span></td><td>It is time</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>là`asvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַעֲשׂוֹת</span></td><td>for dealing</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>là-yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַיהוָה</span></td><td>for <span style="font-size: large;">יהוָה</span></td><td>I find this ambiguous - does the repeated preposition mean for the Lord to work or for the individual / community to work for the Lord? Deal of course is my play for this part.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hépérvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֵפֵרוּ</span></td><td>they have frustrated</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvorateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>your teaching</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl kén</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן</span></td><td>therefore</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahàbty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהַבְתִּי</span></td><td>I have loved</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your commandments</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mizahab</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִזָּהָב</span></td><td>above gold</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumipaz</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִפָּז</span></td><td>and fine gold</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl kén</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן</span></td><td>indeed</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal piqvudéy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל פִּקּוּדֵי</span></td><td>all your precepts</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kol</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כֹל</span></td><td>all</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yisharty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִשָּׁרְתִּי</span></td><td>I find agreeable</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal )oràx</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל אֹרַח</span></td><td>every path of</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sheqr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁקֶר</span></td><td>deceit</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sané)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂנֵאתִי</span></td><td>I hate</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-71696118117387595832010-02-10T20:06:00.000-08:002010-02-10T20:06:00.324-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 15 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סֵעֲפִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> שָׂנֵא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> אָהָבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td>Schismatics I hate<br />
and I have loved your teaching</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סִתְרִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מָגִנִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אָתָּה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>דְבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יִחָלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Secret mine and my shield are you<br />
in your word have I hoped</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סוּר<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִמֶּנִּי</span> מְרֵעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>צְּרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ת</span> אֱלֹהָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Separate from me, you evildoers<br />
for I will observe the commandments of my God</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סָמְכֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>אֶחְיֶה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאַל</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְּ</span>בִישֵׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>שִּׂבְרִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Support me according to your promise so I will live<br />
let me not be ashamed of my expectation</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סְעָדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאִוָּ</span>שֵׁעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שְׁעָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> תָמִיד</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Sustain me and I will be saved<br />
and I will look to your statutes continually</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סָלִי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָ</span> כָּל שׁוֹגִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי שֶׁקֶר תַּרְמִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתָם</span></span></td><td valign="top"></td><td valign="top">Suspended have you all who stray from your statutes<br />
for falsehood is their deceit</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סִגִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הִ</span>שְׁבַּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּ</span> כָל רִשְׁעֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אָרֶץ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">לָכֵן אָהַבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Swill you stilled of all the wicked of the earth<br />
therefore I have loved your testimonies</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">סָמַר<span style="color: #6aa84f;"> מִ</span>פַּחְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> בְשָׂרִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּמִ</span>מִּשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> יָרֵא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Shivers from your dread my flesh<br />
and from your judgments I fear</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
After the fear of part 14, this section asks for a strengthening. (Schismatics eh? and shiver me timbers! Swill - some love of enemies - but note how the wicked are stilled as in Psalm 8 and 46. It is Shabbat. Imagine the closing of Bach's St John Passion.) My greening of the grammar letters has not failed me yet. I think this is a valuable pedagogical tool. Below I summarize them instead of the usual annotation. I think only 'he' is missing - seconded as umpire perhaps - in a grammatical usage here (definite, interrogative, or feminine). <br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>sé`apym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סֵעֲפִים</span></td><td>schismatics</td><td>masculine plural shown by yod and mem</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sané)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂנֵאתִי</span></td><td>I hate</td><td>taf and yod form first person qal suffix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vtvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְתוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>and your instruction</td><td>vav as connector and taf and kaf with the attached equivalent to construct form and with second person pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahabty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהָבְתִּי</span></td><td>I have loved</td><td>taf and yod form first person qal suffix (aleph is part of the root)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sitry</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סִתְרִי</span></td><td>secret mine</td><td>yod as mine</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumaginy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמָגִנִּי</span></td><td>and my shield</td><td>vav connects, yod as my</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)atah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָתָּה</span></td><td>are you</td><td>take it or leave it - they are a standalone pronoun which I did not include in the grammatical forms (though one could if het is allowed one entrance)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lidbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִדְבָרְךָ</span></td><td>in your word</td><td>lamed as preposition, kaf as pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yixalty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִחָלְתִּי</span></td><td>I have hoped</td><td>taf and yod form first person qal suffix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>svurvu mimeny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סוּרוּ מִמֶּנִּי</span></td><td>separate from me</td><td>second person plural vav (imperative) and mem (mn with nunnated n) and object connector n and me yod</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mré`ym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְרֵעִים</span></td><td>evil doers</td><td>yod and mem as plural - also possible mem as forming a noun from evil</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)ecrah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶצְּרָה</span></td><td>for I will observe</td><td>vav connector and aleph as first perosn imperative </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוֹת</span></td><td>the commandments of</td><td>taf forming feminine plural lacking vav due to vav in root</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)elohay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֱלֹהָי</span></td><td>my God</td><td>yod as my</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>samkény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סָמְכֵנִי</span></td><td>support me</td><td>nun connecting yod as object pronoun of verb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>k)imratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְאִמְרָתְךָ</span></td><td>according to your promise</td><td>kaf as preposition, taf as similar to construct form, kaf as pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)exyeh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶחְיֶה</span></td><td>so I will live</td><td>vav connecting, aleph as first person imperfect (future)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)àl tbyshény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאַל תְּבִישֵׁנִי</span></td><td>let me not be ashamed of</td><td>vav and negative particle taf as imperfect prefix, nun softening the connection and yod as following pronoun object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>misibry</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשִּׂבְרִי</span></td><td>my expectation</td><td>mem forming noun, yod as my</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>s`adény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סְעָדֵנִי</span></td><td>sustain me</td><td>nun and yod as usual in object formation</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)ivuashé`ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאִוָּשֵׁעָה</span></td><td>and I will be saved</td><td>vav and aleph, + vav as helper (yod disappeared)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)esh`ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשְׁעָה</span></td><td>and I will look</td><td>vav and aleph - salvation gives sight</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bxuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְחֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>to your statutes</td><td>bet as preposition, yod plural truncated by pronoun kaf</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tamyd</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָמִיד</span></td><td>continually</td><td>all consonants!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>salyta</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סָלִיתָ</span></td><td>suspended have you</td><td>taf as second person subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal shvogym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל שׁוֹגִים</span></td><td>all who stray</td><td>yod and mem as plural</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>méxuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵחֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>from your statutes</td><td>mem as preposition, yod plural truncated by pronoun kaf</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky sheqr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי שֶׁקֶר</span></td><td>for falsehood is</td><td>all consonants</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tàrmytam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תַּרְמִיתָם</span></td><td>their deceit</td><td>taf forming noun, plural yod truncated by pronoun their taf+mem</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sigym hishbàta</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סִגִים הִשְׁבַּתָּ</span></td><td>swill you eradicated</td><td>yod and mem plural, taf as second person singular subject</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal rish`éy )arec</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָל רִשְׁעֵי אָרֶץ</span></td><td>all the wicked of the earth</td><td>yod as truncated plural in construct</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lakén</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לָכֵן</span></td><td>therefore</td><td>all consonants</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahàbty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהַבְתִּי</span></td><td>I have loved</td><td>taf and yod as first person singular perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td>yod plural truncated by pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>samàr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">סָמַר</span></td><td>shivers</td><td>all consonants - simplest form of root - 3rd person singular qal</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mipàxdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִפַּחְדְּךָ</span></td><td>from your dread</td><td>mem and kaf as usual</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bsary</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְשָׂרִי</span></td><td>my flesh</td><td>yod my</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumimishpa+eyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִמִּשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span></td><td>and from your judgments</td><td>vav connector and mem as preposition and plural truncated by pronoun kaf</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yaré)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָרֵאתִי</span></td><td>I fear</td><td>taf and yod again as first person singular</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-67601508795792248612010-02-10T12:39:00.000-08:002011-02-11T14:55:49.220-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 14 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td right;="" style="text-align: right;" text-align:=""><span style="font-size: large;">נֵר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>רַגְלִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> דְבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>אוֹר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>נְתִיבָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span></td><td>Nigh, a lamp to my feet, is your word<br />
and light to my path</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִ</span>שְׁבַּעְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאֲ</span>קַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יֵּ</span>מָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>שְׁמֹר מִשְׁפְּטֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> צִדְקֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top">Now I have sworn and I will do it<br />
to guard the judgments of your righteousness</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">נַ</span>עֲנֵי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> עַד מְאֹד יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִ</span>דְבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></td><td valign="top">Near to much trouble am I, יְהוָה<br />
give me life by your word</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">נִדְב<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> פִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> רְצֵה נָא יְהוָה </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> לַמְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span></td><td valign="top">Now please accept, יְהוָה, the gifts of my mouth<br />
and teach me your judgments</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">נַפְשִׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>כַפִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> תָמִיד <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁכָחְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td valign="top">Note my being is in my hand continually<br />
and I have not forgotten your teaching</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">נָתְנ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> רְשָׁעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> פַּח <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּמִ</span>פִּקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> תָעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span></span></td><td valign="top">Netted the wicked a snare for me<br />
but I did not depart from your precepts - </td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">נָחַלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> עֵדְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;"><span style="color: #45818e;">וֹתֶ</span>יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי שְׂשׂוֹן לִבִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֵמָּה</span></span></td><td valign="top">No! I have acquired your testimonies for ever<br />
for they are the rejoicing of my heart</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">נָטִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span> לִבִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לַ</span>עֲשׂ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת </span></span><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם עֵקֶב</span></td><td valign="top">Nuanced have I my heart in doing your statutes<br />
for ever with foot firmly planted</td></tr>
</tbody></table>The fifth verse underlines our danger. We are in our own hands. We have a real responsibility, and though we do not forget, we do not always do.But when we do - is it as in the last phrase to the purpose of the command? I hope so - I think the only command is to engage by faith this invitation to life.<br />
<br />
Details<br />
<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>nér lràgly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נֵר לְרַגְלִי</span></td><td>a lamp to my feet</td><td><br />
nigh is added for the n</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbareka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְבָרֶךָ</span></td><td>your word</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)vor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאוֹר</span></td><td>and light</td><td>light or a light</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lintybaty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִנְתִיבָתִי</span></td><td>to my path</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nishbà`ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי</span></td><td>now I have sworn</td><td>niphal as might be expected in this poem</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)aqàyémah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֲקַיֵּמָה</span></td><td>and I will do it</td><td>piel (dagesh in yod! yod is not part of the root!) imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lishmor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִשְׁמֹר</span></td><td>to guard</td><td>qal infinitive</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishp+éy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפְּטֵי</span></td><td>the judgments of</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cidqka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקֶךָ</span></td><td>your righteousness</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nà`anéyty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נַעֲנֵיתִי</span></td><td>near to trouble am I</td><td>niphal perfect again</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àd m)od</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַד מְאֹד</span></td><td>much</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàyény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּנִי</span></td><td>give me life</td><td>piel (dagesh in yod)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kidbareka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִדְבָרֶךָ</span></td><td>according to your word</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nidbvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נִדְבוֹת</span></td><td>Now the gifts of</td><td>singular of this noun is formed by appending a 'he' to the verb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>py rcéh na)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּי רְצֵה נָא</span></td><td>my mouth please accept</td><td>qal imperative</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumishpa+eyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span></td><td>and your judgments</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>làmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>teach me</td><td>piel (dagesh in mem) + pronoun as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nàpshy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נַפְשִׁי</span></td><td>my being</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bkàpy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְכַפִּי</span></td><td>in my hand</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tamyd</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָמִיד</span></td><td>continually</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vtvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְתוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>and your instruction</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shakaxty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁכָחְתִּי</span></td><td>have I forgotten</td><td>qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>natnvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָתְנוּ</span></td><td>netted</td><td>qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rsha`ym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְשָׁעִים</span></td><td>the wicked</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>pàx ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פַּח לִי</span></td><td>a snare for me</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumipiqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמִפִּקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>but from your precepts</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ta`yty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָעִיתִי</span></td><td>did I depart</td><td>qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>naxàlty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָחַלְתִּי</span></td><td>I have acquired</td><td>qal perfect - the No reflects the prior line in the poem - needed the n</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>for ever</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky ssvon</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי שְׂשׂוֹן</span></td><td>for the rejoicing of</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>liby</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִבִּי</span></td><td>my heart</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hémah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֵמָּה</span></td><td>are they</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>na+yty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָטִיתִי</span></td><td>nuanced have I</td><td>qal perfect - nuanced eh? </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>liby</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִבִּי</span></td><td>my heart</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>là`asvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַעֲשׂוֹת</span></td><td>in doing</td><td>qal infinitive</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>for ever</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`éqb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵקֶב</span></td><td>with foot firmly planted</td><td>see 119:33 - play on Jacob</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-42790590103397165882010-02-06T13:18:00.000-08:002010-03-14T18:32:30.568-07:00Psalm 119 - Part 13 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td right;="" style="text-align: right;" text-align:=""><span style="font-size: large;">מָה אָהַבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כָּל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הַ</span>יּוֹם <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הִיא</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">שִׂיחָ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span></td><td>My - how I love your teaching<br />
every day it is my meditation</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>אֹיְבַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְּ</span>חַכְּמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם הִיא לִי</span></td><td valign="top">Me you make wiser than my enemies by your commandments<br />
for they for ever are mine</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>כָּל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מְ</span>לַמְּדַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הִ</span>שְׂכַּלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי עֵדְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹתֶיךָ</span> <span style="color: #e69138;">שִׂיחָ</span>ה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span></span></td><td valign="top">Midst all my teachers I have insight<br />
for your testimonies are my meditation</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>זְּקֵנִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶתְ</span><span style="color: #e69138;">בּוֹנָן</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי פִקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> נָצָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td valign="top">More than the aged I have diligence<br />
for I have observed your precepts</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>כָּל <span style="color: #cc0000;">אֹרַח</span> רָע כָּלִא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> רַגְלָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">לְמַעַן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>שְׁמֹר דְּבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top">Missing every path of evil I have restrained my feet<br />
so that I will keep your word</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>מִּשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> סָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי אַתָּה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span>וֹרֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָנִי</span></span></td><td valign="top">Mid your judgments I have not turned aside<br />
for you have taught me</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">מַה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִּ</span>מְלְצ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> לְחִכִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>דְּבַשׁ לְפִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td valign="top">More than sweet are they to my palate<br />
your promise as honey to my mouth</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>פִּקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶתְ</span><span style="color: #e69138;">בּוֹנָן</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן </span><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂנֵא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> כָּל <span style="color: #cc0000;">אֹרַח</span> שָׁקֶר</span></td><td valign="top">Minding your precepts I have diligence<br />
therefore I have hated every path of a lie</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Can you really believe 'it is my meditation every day'? If you can then you are onto the way that will not disappoint you. Meditation, diligence and path are noted here particularly. The result is an unspeakable sweetness as noted in the 7th verse of this part.<br />
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Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>mah )ahàbty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מָה אָהַבְתִּי</span></td><td>My - how I love</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvorateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תוֹרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>your instruction</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal hàyvom</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל הַיּוֹם</span></td><td>all the day</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hy)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הִיא</span></td><td>it is</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>syxaty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׂיחָתִי</span></td><td>my meditation</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mé)oybày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵאֹיְבַי</span></td><td>than my enemies by</td><td>mem as comparative, with qal participle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>txàkmény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּחַכְּמֵנִי</span></td><td>me you make wiser </td><td>second person singular piel imperfect with first person pronoun as object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvoteka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוֹתֶךָ</span></td><td>your commandments</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>in all time</td><td>or for ever</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hy) ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הִיא לִי</span></td><td>they are mine</td><td>I think 'with' me is weak</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mikal mlàmdày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִכָּל מְלַמְּדַי</span></td><td>Midst all my teachers</td><td> preposition+adjective + piel participle</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hiskàlty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הִשְׂכַּלְתִּי</span></td><td>I have insight</td><td>first person singular hiphil perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your testimonies</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>syxah ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׂיחָה לִי</span></td><td>are meditation to me</td><td>meditation - I am thinking that mem and taf as prefixes and 'he' as suffix can all form nouns from verbs</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mizqénym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִזְּקֵנִים</span></td><td>more than the aged</td><td>comparative mem used frequently as expected in this part of the psalm</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)etbvonan</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶתְבּוֹנָן</span></td><td>I have diligence</td><td>hithpolel imperfect - repeats in the psalm - I could just use 'understanding' as gloss (cf <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/02/proverbs-8-english-only.html">Proverbs 8</a>)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nacarty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָצָרְתִּי</span></td><td>I have observed</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mikal )oràx</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִכָּל אֹרַח</span></td><td>missing every path of</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ra`</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָע</span></td><td>evil</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kali)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּלִאתִי</span></td><td>I have restrained</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ràglay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַגְלָי</span></td><td>my feet</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lmà`àn</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְמַעַן</span></td><td>so that</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)eshmor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶשְׁמֹר</span></td><td>I will keep</td><td>first person singular qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbareka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְּבָרֶךָ</span></td><td>your word</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mimishpa+eyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִמִּשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span></td><td>mid your judgments</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo) sarty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא סָרְתִּי</span></td><td>I have not turned aside</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky )àtah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי אַתָּה</span></td><td>for you</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hvorétany</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הוֹרֵתָנִי</span></td><td>have taught me</td><td>second person hiphil perfect with object first person pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>màh nimlcvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מַה נִּמְלְצוּ</span></td><td>more than sweet are they</td><td>third person niphal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lxiky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְחִכִּי</span></td><td>to my palate</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>your promise</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>midbàsh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִדְּבַשׁ</span></td><td>as honey</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lpy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְפִי</span></td><td>to my mouth</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mipiqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִפִּקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>minding your precepts</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)etbvonan</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶתְבּוֹנָן</span></td><td>I have diligence</td><td>hithpolel imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl kén</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כֵּן</span></td><td>therefore</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sané)ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׂנֵאתִי</span></td><td>I have hated</td><td>first person singular qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal )oràx</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל אֹרַח</span></td><td>every path of</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shaqr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁקֶר</span></td><td>a lie</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-33804134211559194982010-02-05T12:31:00.000-08:002010-02-05T12:31:45.480-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 12 GrammarHere's the letter ל so each second line of the translation must begin with L. As usual letters playing a role in enclitics are in green<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם יְהוָה דְּבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">נִצָּב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַּ</span>שָּׁמָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִם</span></span></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span> (<span style="font-weight: bold;">L</span>ORD) for ever your word<br />
takes its stand in the heavens</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>דֹר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>דֹר אֱמוּנָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כּוֹנַ<span style="color: #93c47d;">נְתָּ</span> אֶרֶץ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַתַּ</span>עֲמֹד</span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Living from generation to generation is your faithfulness<br />
you established earth and it stands</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> עָמְד<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הַ</span>יּוֹם</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הַ</span>כֹּל עֲבָדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Led by your judgments they stand this day<br />
for they all are your servants</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לוּלֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> שַׁעֲשֻׁעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אָז אָבַדְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>עָנְיִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Love, unless your teaching is my delight<br />
then I have perished in my trouble</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>שְׁכַּח פִּקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בָם</span> חִיִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתָנִי</span></span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Let me never forget your precepts<br />
for in them you have made me live</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְךָ</span> אֲנִי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוֹ</span>שִׁיעֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי פִקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> דָרָשְׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Love, to you I belong, save me<br />
for I have sought your precepts</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span> קִוּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> רְשָׁעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים </span></span><span style="font-size: large;">לְאַבְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶתְ</span>בּוֹנָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ן</span></span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Lying in wait for me to destroy me are the wicked<br />
I will be attentive to your testimonies</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>כָל תִּכְלָה רָאִי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי </span></span><span style="font-size: large;">קֵץ </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">רְחָבָה מִצְוָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ </span>מְאֹד</span></td><td style="text-align: right;">Lo, to all fullness I saw an end<br />
your commandments are wide and great</td></tr>
</tbody></table>I have come to look forward to rereading and repointing these psalm sections. Do I identify with the psalm or does reading it give me words for what I have known in the Beloved? Trouble I understand, especially that of my own making or of the accident of my own ignorance. But our own ignorance is not independent of the ignorance, or worse traps, of the lurking wicked who are not just in me, though all my perceptions be there. Hence the need to delight in the teaching of Hashem and the life received thereby - to whom else shall we go? you have the words of eternal life. For the sake of L I invoke the love word of the Song of Solomon. It is not out of place. There is no better place.<br />
<br />
What end to fullness does the poet see that makes the poet praise your commandments? Is it possible that the writer's own life is made to stand even as the word persists in faithfulness and the commandment is wide? Is that perhaps related to the revelation of the end?<br />
<br />
Details - I wonder if we made a list of all the weird conjugations in this psalm whether we would find most of the hithpalpel and polel verbs in the Biblical Hebrew corpus. (My software doesn't do this but I may do it by hand some day.)<br />
<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>for ever</td><td>to the age - L is for Lord of course</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>LORD</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְּבָרְךָ</span></td><td>your word</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nicab</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נִצָּב</span></td><td>takes its stand</td><td>compare Proverbs 8:2; niphal only - so not necessarily passive</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bàshamayim</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בַּשָּׁמָיִם</span></td><td>in the heavens</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ldor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְדֹר</span></td><td>[living] from generation</td><td>I need an L</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vador</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָדֹר</span></td><td>to generation is</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)emvunateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֱמוּנָתֶךָ</span></td><td>your faithfulness</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kvonànta</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כּוֹנַנְתָּ</span></td><td>you established</td><td>Polel perfect (! who would have known). What's the role of the taf? The root is <span class="lexTitleHb">כון - so we have a doubled nun and a following taf as a final open syllable - showing a second person singular form.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)erec</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶרֶץ</span></td><td>earth</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vàtà`amod</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וַתַּעֲמֹד</span></td><td>and it stands</td><td>third person feminine singular qal imperfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lmishpa+eyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span></td><td>[led] by your judgments</td><td>I have added 'led' - not repeating a 'lo' as I did elsewhere</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`amdvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָמְדוּ</span></td><td>they stand</td><td>third person plural qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hàyvom</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הַיּוֹם</span></td><td>this day</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky hàkol</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי הַכֹּל</span></td><td>for they all are</td><td>copula understood</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`abadeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֲבָדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your servants</td><td>in what sense are the 'they' servants? What is the antecedent of 'they'?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lvuléy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לוּלֵי</span></td><td>[Love] unless</td><td>I could have used the archaic Lest but it requires the equally archaic subjunctive, be!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>your instruction</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shà`ashu`ay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׁעֲשֻׁעָי</span></td><td>is my delight</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)az</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָז</span></td><td>then</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)abàdty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָבַדְתִּי</span></td><td>I have perished</td><td>qal perfect first person - could have been rendered modal 'I would have' etc but perfect is readable also</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>b`anyy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְעָנְיִי</span></td><td>in my trouble</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>let me never</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo) )eshkàx</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא אֶשְׁכַּח</span></td><td>forget</td><td>the jussive was convenient</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky bam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי בָם</span></td><td>for in them</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xyytany</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חִיִּיתָנִי</span></td><td>you have made me live</td><td>Note the dagesh in the yod making this piel</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lka )any</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְךָ אֲנִי</span></td><td>[love] to you I belong</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hvoshy`ény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הוֹשִׁיעֵנִי</span></td><td>save me</td><td>hiphil imperative</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>darashty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דָרָשְׁתִּי</span></td><td>I have sought</td><td>qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִי</span></td><td>for me</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qivuvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קִוּוּ</span></td><td>lying in wait</td><td>piel - that must be a dagesh in the first vav</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rsha`ym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְשָׁעִים</span></td><td>the wicked</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l)àbdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְאַבְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>to destroy me</td><td>piel infinitive with pronoun object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>to your testimonies</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)etbvonan</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶתְבּוֹנָן</span></td><td>I will be attentive</td><td>hitpolel - I do see it in Putnam - must be a hollow verb - a bit of vav I did not deal with</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lkal tiklah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְכָל תִּכְלָה</span></td><td>lo to all perfection</td><td>fullness - it looks like a noun formed from the verb by means of an additional consonant prefix - seems to me to be common for mem and taf - see a brief comment on <a href="http://goddidntsaythat.com/2010/02/04/do-you-talk-this-way-at-home/">this post</a> from Joel Hoffman</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ra)yty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רָאִיתִי</span></td><td>I saw</td><td>qal perfect</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>qéc</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">קֵץ</span></td><td>an end</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rxabah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְחָבָה</span></td><td>wide</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvatka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוָתְךָ</span></td><td>your commandments</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><i>me`od</i></td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">מְאֹד</span></td><td valign="top">great</td><td valign="top">adjective or adverb - what does it modify? Wide or commandments?</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-57529407737427867672010-01-28T23:39:00.000-08:002010-07-25T08:45:49.626-07:00Psalm 119 - Part 11 GrammarKaf - reading the word backwards, I chose F for my first letter. OK? When the ancients copied the text, they were ever so careful. I copy and paste in so many ways words, letters, paragraphs, tables, and in various technologies some of which pretend to be able to distinguish their left from their right hands, and I am careful - but I sometimes misplace whole words. They slip between the splices of the html tags. If you see a missing word, it is probably not there :-)<br />
<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td>Faints my being in your salvation<br />
I have hoped in your word</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #e69138;">כָּלְ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִתְ</span>שׁוּעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> נַפְשִׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>דְבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יִחָלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span></td></tr>
<tr><td>Faint my eyes for your promise<br />
saying continually when will you comfort me</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #e69138;">כָּל</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> עֵינַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֵ</span>אמֹר <span style="color: #45818e;">מָתַי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְּ</span>נַחֲמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span><br />
</span></td></tr>
<tr><td>For I have become like a bottle holding vapor<br />
I have not forgotten your statutes</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי הָיִי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>נֹאד <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>קִיטוֹר<br />
חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁכָחְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span><br />
</span></td></tr>
<tr><td>For how are the days of your servant<br />
when will you do judgment against my persecutors</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כַּ</span>מָּה יְמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> עַבְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #45818e;">מָתַי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>עֲשֶׂה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span><span style="color: #f1c232;">רֹדְפַ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> מִשְׁפָּט</span></td></tr>
<tr><td>For me those proud ones dig pits<br />
that are not like your teaching</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּרוּ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span> זֵדִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> שִׁיח<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span><br />
אֲשֶׁר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְ</span>תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span><br />
</span></td></tr>
<tr><td>Faithful are all your commandments<br />
falsehood! they persecute me - help me</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> אֱמוּנָה<br />
שֶׁקֶר <span style="color: #f1c232;">רְדָפ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span> עָזְרֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span><br />
</span></td></tr>
<tr><td>For nearly they make me faint on the earth<br />
but I myself do not forsake your precepts</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּ</span>מְעַט <span style="color: #e69138;">כִּלּ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בָ</span>אָרֶץ<br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַ</span>אֲנִי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> עָזַבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> פִקֻּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span><br />
</span></td></tr>
<tr><td>For your loving kindness let me live<br />
and I will keep the testimony of your mouth for ever</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>חַסְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> חַיֵּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שְׁמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> עֵדוּת פִּי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ </span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"></span><br />
</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>My details are less mechanical this time and more thoughtful - even defensive of my strange translation style. But I must keep up the grammatical grind - it is still surprising and it is possible to slip up!<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>kaltah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּלְתָה</span></td><td>Faints</td><td>Anticipating the role of taf in forming a bridge between awkward words and enclitics, the taf here introduces the third person feminine ending (agreeing with the subject 'my being/soul'). The <span style="font-size: large;">ה </span>is not part of the root <span class="lexTitleHb">כלה </span>in this case but the third person feminine suffix.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>litshvu`atka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִתְשׁוּעָתְךָ</span></td><td>for/in? your salvation</td><td>in rather than for - prepositions are weird, stretchable, flexible and often ignored. What am I fainting for? Is the <span style="font-size: large;">לִ </span>to, of, in, on account of, or what? Is it possessed or desired? Do we know that? (to might work here and below)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nàpshy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נַפְשִׁי</span></td><td>my being</td><td>soul is a lovely word but it is not immaterial - it is the full bodily life of the poet/reader/you/me</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lidbarka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִדְבָרְךָ</span></td><td>In your word</td><td>Look at that - there's that <span style="font-size: large;">לִ</span> and I seem to have made it ='in' again! Well = is too strong. Belonging might be better - which is why I like 'in' in these cases</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yixalty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִחָלְתִּי</span></td><td>I have hoped</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kalvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּלוּ</span></td><td>Faint</td><td>they faint - subject to follow</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`éynày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵינַי</span></td><td>my eyes</td><td>Plural? could you tell the difference between plural and singular when there is a first person possessive pronoun?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l)imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְאִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>for your promise</td><td>the active taf again forming an easy to say link with the suffix</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lé)mor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֵאמֹר</span></td><td>saying continually</td><td>not sure why I added continually! (true enough though - pestering is part of prayer)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>matày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מָתַי</span></td><td>when</td><td>where does this word comprised all of grammatical letters come from? BDB says this is always of future time.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tnàxamény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּנַחֲמֵנִי</span></td><td>will you comfort me</td><td>intense prayer if one sometimes wonders if there is a future...</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky hayyty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי הָיִיתִי</span></td><td>for I have become like</td><td>so the situation of the poet is revealed</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kno)d</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּנֹאד</span></td><td>a bottle</td><td>here is a lovely use of the prefixed kaf as a maker of similes</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bqy+vor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּקִיטוֹר</span></td><td>holding vapour</td><td>it's hard to get away from the bottle in the smoke of the AV!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>not</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shakaxty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁכָחְתִּי</span></td><td>have I forgotten</td><td>not forgetting is an adequate defense</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kàmah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כַּמָּה</span></td><td>for how are</td><td>I guess it is not surprising that our playful poet would use the prefix for some of these verses (three of eight)</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yméy `àbdeka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְמֵי עַבְדֶּךָ</span></td><td>the days of your servant</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>matày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מָתַי</span></td><td>When</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tà`aseh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תַּעֲשֶׂה</span></td><td>will you do</td><td>do is awkward but ...</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>brodpày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְרֹדְפַי</span></td><td>for my persecutors</td><td>Here is a preposition that does not mean 'for' - usually 'in' - which might be good. For if judgment has been done 'in' the poet, then this would be praying for the same benefit (learned with difficulty) for the persecutor</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishpa+</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפָּט</span></td><td>judgment</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>karvu ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּרוּ לִי</span></td><td>for me they dig</td><td>for? in the sense of the depression belongs to the poet</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zédym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֵדִים</span></td><td>those proud ones</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shyxvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׁיחוֹת</span></td><td>pits</td><td>Is it too much to think that the poet gets depressed in these thoughts</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)asher lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר לֹא</span></td><td>that are not</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ktvorateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְתוֹרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>like your instruction</td><td>'like' is better than the English common 'of'</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kal micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כָּל מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>all your commandments</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)emvunah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֱמוּנָה</span></td><td>faithful are</td><td>listed as a noun, used as an adjective</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sheqr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁקֶר</span></td><td>falsehood</td><td>there is no 'in' here - in English I find prepositions creep in almost unconsciously</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rdapvuny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְדָפוּנִי</span></td><td>they persecute me</td><td>third person plural perfect with first person pronoun as direct object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`azrény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָזְרֵנִי</span></td><td>help me</td><td>imperative with first person pronoun as direct object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kim`à+</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּמְעַט</span></td><td>for scarcely</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kilvuny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּלּוּנִי</span></td><td>they make me faint</td><td>third person plural piel perfect with first person pronoun as direct object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ba)arec</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בָאָרֶץ</span></td><td>on the earth</td><td>this could be in the earth</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>và)any lo) `azàbty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וַאֲנִי לֹא עָזַבְתִּי</span></td><td>but I, I do not leave</td><td>as in the prior part, the stand-alone pronoun is used</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקֻּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kxàsdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּחַסְדְּךָ</span></td><td>for your loving kindness</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàyény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַיֵּנִי</span></td><td>let me live</td><td>many uses of the pronoun as direct object </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)eshmrah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשְׁמְרָה</span></td><td>and I will keep</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édvut</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדוּת</span></td><td>the testimony of</td><td>looks like a plural but it's the real word itself</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>pyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּיךָ</span></td><td>your mouth</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span></td><td>for ever</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-80345597759988483792010-01-26T21:17:00.000-08:002010-01-27T21:00:36.078-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 10 GrammarWith this post I have caught up with my letter by letter reading of Ruth. (You will find them here <span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2009/12/on-each-of-hebrew-letters-individually.html">א</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2009/12/on-each-of-hebrew-letters-bet.html">ב</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2009/12/gimel-first-of-non-grammatical-letters.html">ג</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2009/12/dalet-second-non-grammatical-letter.html">ד</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/01/he-what.html">ה</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/01/vav-connector-par-excellence.html">ו</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/01/zayin-non-grammatical-letter.html">ז</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/01/heth-strong-guttural.html">ח</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/01/tet-dont-leave-me-out.html">ט</a> <a href="http://stenagmois.blogspot.com/2010/01/yod.html">י</a> </span>) So I will return to that effort and keep the blogs in sync as far as possible.<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td>Your hands have made me and established me<br />
give me understanding and I will teach your commandments<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> עָשׂ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַיְ</span>כוֹנְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נוּנִי</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֲ</span>בִינֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>לְמְדָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> מִצְו<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ֹתֶיךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Yes - those fearing you will see me and will be glad<br />
for I have hoped in your word<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְרֵאֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִ</span>רְא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְיִ</span>שְׂמָח<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span><br />
כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>דְבָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יִחָלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Yet I know יְהוָה that your judgments are righteous<br />
and faithfully you afflicted me<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָדַעְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> יְהוָה כִּי צֶדֶק מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֶ</span>אֱמוּנָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> עִנִּי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָנִי</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>You will let, I pray, your steadfast mercy comfort me<br />
by your promise to your servant<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יְ</span>הִי נָא חַסְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>נַחֲמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עַבְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>You will let them come to me in your tender love and I will live<br />
for your teaching is my delight<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יְ</span>בֹאוּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> רַחֲמֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>חְיֶה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> כִּי תוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> שַׁעֲשֻׁעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Yon proud will be shamed for the deceit they dealt me<br />
for myself, I will meditate on your precepts<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יֵ</span>בֹשׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ </span>זֵדִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> כִּי שֶׁקֶר עִוְּת<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּנִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> אֲנִי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אָ</span>שִׂיחַ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>פִקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>You will let those who fear you turn to me<br />
and those knowing your testimonies<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יָ</span>שׁוּב<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ לִי</span> יְרֵאֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>יֹדְעֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> עֵדֹתֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Yea - let my heart be complete in your statutes<br />
so I will not be ashamed<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יְ</span>הִי לִבִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> תָמִים <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> לְמַעַן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא אֵ</span>בוֹשׁ</span><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>John Donne takes the opening of one of his holy sonnets from this part. I have revised all the prior parts to rework the line structure. I am thinking that all this manipulation of the cloth must teach me something but I have not yet expressed it. One thing I already knew - that I make lots of mistakes! I have corrected a few of them in this pass.<br />
<br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>yadeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָדֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>Your hands<br />
</td><td>plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`asvuny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָשׂוּנִי</span><br />
</td><td>have made me<br />
</td><td>perfect third person plural with first person singular pronoun object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vàykvonnvuny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וַיְכוֹנְנוּנִי</span><br />
</td><td>and established me<br />
</td><td>conjunction+perfect third person plural with first person singular pronoun object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>habynény</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֲבִינֵנִי</span><br />
</td><td>give me understanding<br />
</td><td>hiphil imperative with first person singular pronoun object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)elmdah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶלְמְדָה</span><br />
</td><td>and I will teach<br />
</td><td>conjunction+first person singular imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvoteyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your commandments<br />
</td><td>plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yré)eyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְרֵאֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>Yes - those fearing you<br />
</td><td>it's not a participle but it feels like one with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yir)vuny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִרְאוּנִי</span><br />
</td><td>will see me<br />
</td><td>imperfect third person plural with first person singular pronoun object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vyismaxvu</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְיִשְׂמָחוּ</span><br />
</td><td>and will be glad<br />
</td><td>conjunction + imperfect third person plural with first person singular pronoun object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span><br />
</td><td>for<br />
</td><td>conjunction<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lidbarka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִדְבָרְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>in your word<br />
</td><td>preposition+singular noun+singular second person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yixalty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִחָלְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have hoped<br />
</td><td>perfect first person<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yadà`ty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָדַעְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>Yet I knew<br />
</td><td>perfect first person<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy ky cedeq</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה כִּי צֶדֶק</span><br />
</td><td>O LORD that righteous<br />
</td><td>proper name + conjunction (not acting as causative) introducing clause with elided copula<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishpa+eyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>are your judgments<br />
</td><td>plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ve)emvunah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וֶאֱמוּנָה</span><br />
</td><td>and in faithfulness<br />
</td><td>conjunction with noun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`inytany</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עִנִּיתָנִי</span><br />
</td><td>you afflicted me<br />
</td><td>perfect second person singular with first person singular pronoun object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yhy na)</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהִי נָא</span><br />
</td><td>You will let I pray<br />
</td><td>jussive<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàsdka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַסְדְּךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your steadfast mercy<br />
</td><td>singular noun with possessive second person pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lnàxamény</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְנַחֲמֵנִי</span><br />
</td><td>strengthen me<br />
</td><td>preposition+infinitive+singular first person pronoun as object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>k)imratka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּאִמְרָתְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>by your promise<br />
</td><td>preposition+singular noun+singular second person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`àbdeka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעַבְדֶּךָ</span><br />
</td><td>to your servant<br />
</td><td>preposition+singular noun+singular second person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ybo)vuny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְבֹאוּנִי</span><br />
</td><td>you will let them come to me in<br />
</td><td>jussive - third person plural imperative with singular first person pronoun as object - that's me<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ràxameyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַחֲמֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your tender love<br />
</td><td>singular noun+singular second person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)exyeh</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶחְיֶה</span><br />
</td><td>and I will live<br />
</td><td>conjunction + first person imperative<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky tvoratka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי תוֹרָתְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>for your instruction<br />
</td><td>conjunction + singular noun+singular second person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shà`ashu`ay</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׁעֲשֻׁעָי</span><br />
</td><td>is my delight<br />
</td><td>singular noun with singular first person pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yéboshvu</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יֵבֹשׁוּ</span><br />
</td><td>let them be shamed<br />
</td><td>jussive<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zédym ky sheqr</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֵדִים כִּי שֶׁקֶר</span><br />
</td><td>the proud for the deceit<br />
</td><td>plural noun subject of prior verb + reason!<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`ivutvuny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עִוְּתוּנִי</span><br />
</td><td>they dealt me<br />
</td><td>third person perfect with singular first person pronoun as object<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)any</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲנִי</span><br />
</td><td>I<br />
</td><td>stand-alone pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)asyàx</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָשִׂיחַ</span><br />
</td><td>will meditate<br />
</td><td>first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bpiqvudeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּפִקּוּדֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your precepts<br />
</td><td>plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yashvubvu</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יָשׁוּבוּ</span><br />
</td><td>You will let turn<br />
</td><td>jussive - again third person plural imperative - equivalent form to imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ly</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִי</span><br />
</td><td>to me<br />
</td><td>preposition+singular first person pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yré)eyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְרֵאֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>those who fear you<br />
</td><td>envelope with above<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vyod`éy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְיֹדְעֵי</span><br />
</td><td>and knowing<br />
</td><td>preposition and this is a participle <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`édoteyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your testimonies<br />
</td><td>plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yhy liby</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהִי לִבִּי</span><br />
</td><td>let my heart be<br />
</td><td>jussive+singular noun+singular first person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tamym</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָמִים</span><br />
</td><td>complete<br />
</td><td>adjective<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bxuqeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּחֻקֶּיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>in your statutes<br />
</td><td>preposition+plural noun with second person singular possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lmà`àn</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְמַעַן</span><br />
</td><td>so<br />
</td><td>conjunction<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo) )ébvosh</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא אֵבוֹשׁ</span><br />
</td><td>I will not be ashamed<br />
</td><td>negative particle + first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-78372257430678145072010-01-25T17:16:00.000-08:002010-08-21T08:02:11.936-07:00Psalm 119 - Part 9 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td>Too well you have dealt with your servant<br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה </span>through your word<br />
Teach me good taste and discernment<br />
for I have believed in your commandments<br />
Time it was I was afflicted going astray<br />
but now I have kept your promise<br />
Too good are you and doing good<br />
teach me your statutes<br />
Those proud ones smear a lie against me<br />
with a whole heart I will observe your precepts<br />
Their heart is gross as fat<br />
I will delight in your teaching<br />
`Tis good for me that I was afflicted<br />
so I would learn your statutes<br />
The law of your mouth is better to me<br />
than thousands of gold and silver</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #f1c232;">טוֹב</span> עָשִׂ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתָ</span> עִם עַבְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> יְהוָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּ</span>דְבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #f1c232;">טוּב</span> טַעַם <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>דַעַת לַמְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>מִצְו<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ֹתֶיךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הֶ<span style="color: black;">אֱמָנְ</span>תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">טֶרֶם <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>עֱנֶה <span style="background-color: #f1c232;">אֲנִי</span> שֹׁגֵג</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>עַתָּה אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> שָׁמָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #f1c232;">טוֹב</span> אַתָּה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּמֵ</span><span style="color: #f1c232;">טִיב</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #f1c232;"> </span> לַמְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">טָפְל<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> עָלַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> שֶׁקֶר זֵדִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> <span style="background-color: #f1c232;">אֲנִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>כָל לֵב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>צֹּר פִּקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">טָפַשׁ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כַּ</span>חֵלֶב לִבָּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ם</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> <span style="background-color: #f1c232;">אֲנִי</span> תּוֹרָתְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> שִׁעֲשָׁעְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #f1c232;">טוֹב</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span> כִי עֻנֵּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> לְמַעַן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>לְמַד חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #f1c232;">טוֹב</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span> תוֹרַת פִּי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>אַלְפֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> זָהָב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>כָסֶף</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>What do you think about writing poetry like this in Hebrew? Could you improve on words beginning with ט and not use the same word in five of eight lines? But the sense of redemption is particularly strong in these verses. The poet knows personally how affliction produced unexpected positive results. One wonders, however, if good intentions and promises will have their follow-through. The acrostic seems child-like.<br />
<br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>+vob</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טוֹב</span></td><td>Too well</td><td>Well, I had to have T to begin. Tov as adverb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`asyta</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָשִׂיתָ</span></td><td>you have dealt</td><td>Second person singular perfect (if it's qal or piel I won't always mention it.) </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`im `àbdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עִם עַבְדְּךָ</span></td><td>with your servant</td><td>preposition + singular noun with possessive pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td> <td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td>now this is vocative but the O is not needed with a name </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kidbareka</i></td> <td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּדְבָרֶךָ</span></td><td>through your word</td><td>preposition + singular noun with possessive pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+vub</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טוּב</span></td><td>good</td><td>Tov as adjective</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+à`àm</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טַעַם</span></td><td>taste</td><td>noun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vadà`àt</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָדַעַת</span></td><td>and discernment</td><td>conjunction + noun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>làmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>Teach me</td><td>imperative with object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span></td><td>for</td><td>conjunction</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bmicvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְמִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>in your commandments</td><td>preposition + plural noun + possessive pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>he)emanty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֶאֱמָנְתִּי</span></td><td>have I believed</td><td>Hiphil perfect </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+erem</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טֶרֶם</span></td><td>time it was</td><td>temporal adverb</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)e`neh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶעֱנֶה</span></td><td>afflicted was</td><td>first person imperfect </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)any</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲנִי</span></td><td>I</td><td>first person stand-alone pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shogég</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֹׁגֵג</span></td><td>going astray</td><td>participle </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v`àtah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְעַתָּה</span></td><td>but now</td><td>conjunction + time marker</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)imratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָתְךָ</span></td><td>your promise</td><td>noun + possessive pronoun - more to say here</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shamarty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁמָרְתִּי</span></td><td>I have kept</td><td>first person perfect - corrected from an earlier error in this post</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+vob )àtah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טוֹב אַתָּה</span></td><td>Too good are you</td><td>Tov as adjective + second person singular stand alone pronoun</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vumé+yb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּמֵטִיב</span></td><td>and doing good</td><td>Tov as verb </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>làmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>teach me</td><td>imperative with first person object pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td>plural noun with possessive pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+aplvu</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טָפְלוּ</span></td><td>they smear</td><td>third person perfect </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`alày</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עָלַי</span></td><td>against me</td><td>preposition + object pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>sheqr</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שֶׁקֶר</span></td><td>a lie</td><td>noun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zédym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֵדִים</span></td><td>those proud ones</td><td>plural subject of preceding verb </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)any</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲנִי</span></td><td>I</td><td>stand-alone pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bkal léb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּכָל לֵב</span></td><td>with full heart</td><td>preposition with adjective and noun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ecor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶצֹּר</span></td><td>will observe</td><td>first person imperfect </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td>plural noun and possessive pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+apàsh</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טָפַשׁ</span></td><td>too gross</td><td>I don't need the t here - this is a verb reflecting the state of their heart - likely not a compliment. Note the singular heart but plural pronoun. </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>kàxéleb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כַּחֵלֶב</span></td><td>as fat</td><td>comparative preposition + adjective </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>libam</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִבָּם</span></td><td>their heart</td><td>singular noun with possessive </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)any</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲנִי</span></td><td>I</td><td>stand-alone pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>in your instruction</td><td>the 'in' in English does not represent a Hebrew preposition but perhaps should be seen as part of the gloss for the verb that follows </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shi`asha`ty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׁעֲשָׁעְתִּי</span></td><td>will delight</td><td>pilpel ? perfect with root letters slipping around and doubling! If I find a reference for this, I will post it. </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+vob ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טוֹב לִי</span></td><td>`tis good for me</td><td>Tov as state in verbless clause </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky `unéyty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִי עֻנֵּיתִי</span></td><td>that I was afflicted</td><td>the conjunction is perhaps stronger than a relative - read 'that' perhaps as 'because' - but that's why I needed the contraction for the T. </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lmà`àn</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְמַעַן</span></td><td>so</td><td>coordinating conjunction - therefore / in order that. I wonder if the long conjunction instead of a vav is for scansion? </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)elmàd</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶלְמַד</span></td><td>I will learn</td><td>first person imperfect - could be translated as modal </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td>plural noun with possessive pronoun </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>+vob ly</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">טוֹב לִי</span></td><td>to me better is</td><td>Tov as comparative in verbless clause - see the mem below </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvoràt pyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תוֹרַת פִּיךָ</span></td><td>the law of your mouth</td><td>construct chain </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mé)àlpéy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵאַלְפֵי</span></td><td>than thousands of</td><td>signal of comparative with plural noun beginning construct chain </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zahab</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זָהָב</span></td><td>gold</td><td>end of another construct chain </td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vakaseph</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָכָסֶף</span></td><td>and silver</td><td>well - not quite the end of it since both these nouns are involved as a unit in English.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-36252386525324312802010-01-22T00:49:00.000-08:002010-01-28T21:51:30.220-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 8 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td>Chosen portion, mine you are <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"> </span>I have vowed to keep your word<br />
Craved have I your presence with all my heart<br />
have mercy on me remembering your promise<br />
Considered have I my ways<br />
and I will turn my feet to your testimonies<br />
Came quickly I did<br />
and I would not delay to keep your commandments<br />
Companies of the wicked robbed me<br />
I have not ignored your teaching<br />
Come midnight I arise to give thanks to you<br />
for the judgments of your righteousness<br />
Companion am I to all who fear you<br />
and are keepers of your precepts<br />
Covenant mercy yours, <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span>, has filled the earth<br />
you will teach me your statutes</td><td style="text-align: right;"> <span style="font-size: large;">חֶלְקִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> אָמַרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>שְׁמֹר דְּבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חִלִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span> פָנֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>כָל לֵב</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> חָנֵּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חִשַּׁבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> דְרָכָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאָ</span>שִׁיבָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> רַגְלַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אֶל עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חַשְׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְלֹא</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הִתְ</span>מַהְמָהְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>שְׁמֹר מִצְו<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ֹתֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חֶבְלֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> רְשָׁעִים עִוְּדֻ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> שָׁכָחְתִּי</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חֲצ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> לַיְלָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אָ</span>קוּם <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>הוֹד<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת </span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָךְ</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">עַל מִשְׁפְּטֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> צִדְקֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חָבֵר אָנִי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>כָל אֲשֶׁר יְרֵא<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּלְ</span>שֹׁמְרֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> פִּקּוּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">חַסְדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ </span>יְהוָה מָלְאָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הָ</span>אָרֶץ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> לַמְּדֵנִי</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<br />
Details - I have not filled them in with parts of speech this time - though it remains a surprising exercise. <br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>xlqy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֶלְקִי</span></td><td>chosen portion mine</td><td>Is the poet a Levite? This first line continues the thought of the last line of zayin. I need the chosen for the first letter - it seems to fit the idea of portion whether it is I who chose or Hashem or the poet.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>O LORD</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)amàrty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָמַרְתִּי</span></td><td>I have vowed</td><td>Is vow too strong?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lishmor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִשְׁמֹר</span></td><td>to keep</td><td>What word do I keep</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbareyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְּבָרֶיךָ</span></td><td>your word</td><td></td></tr>
<tr></tr>
<tr><td><i>xilyty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חִלִּיתִי</span></td><td>Craved I have</td><td>Craving and longing I understand and that it must be longing for an adequate object</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>paneyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פָנֶיךָ</span></td><td>your presence</td><td>Usually I like face for this word - but here presence</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bkal léb</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְכָל לֵב</span></td><td>with all my heart</td><td>The longing is powerful</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xanény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חָנֵּנִי</span></td><td>have mercy on me</td><td>and raises my need</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>k)imrateka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּאִמְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td>remembering your promise</td><td>but promise - equivalent to the word of the zayin section - is sufficient to calm me</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xishàbty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חִשַּׁבְתִּי</span></td><td>Considered I have</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>drakay</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְרָכָי</span></td><td>my ways</td><td>How shall I a youth, according to the Bet section, consider my ways (that are by aleph - not so direct)?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)ashybah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאָשִׁיבָה</span></td><td>and (will) turn(ed)</td><td>should this be perfect or imperfect. I can't see this as a story line but the following perfect verb makes me pause.</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ràglày )el `édoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רַגְלַי אֶל עֵדֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>my feet to your testimonies</td><td>my feet - your testimonies</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàshty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַשְׁתִּי</span></td><td>came quickly I did</td><td>so quickly I nearly had an accident</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vlo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְלֹא</span></td><td>and not</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hitmàhmahty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הִתְמַהְמָהְתִּי</span></td><td>would I delay</td><td> - this will take some explanation! It is supposedly an instance of Hithpalpel Perfect of מהה. I have read that word a few times but have not found a seconder for it in a modern grammar. (But see BDB page 554b.)<br />
<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lishmor</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לִשְׁמֹר</span></td><td>to keep</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>micvoteyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span></td><td>your commandments</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xbléy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֶבְלֵי</span></td><td>Companies of</td><td>must be a plural construct</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>rsha`ym</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">רְשָׁעִים</span></td><td>the wicked</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`ivuduny</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עִוְּדֻנִי</span></td><td>robbed me</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvoratka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָתְךָ</span></td><td>Your instruction</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span></td><td>I have not</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shakaxty</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שָׁכָחְתִּי</span></td><td>ignored</td><td>but sometimes I ignore stop signs and red lights when bicycling!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xacvot làylah )aqvum</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֲצוֹת לַיְלָה אָקוּם</span></td><td>Come midnight I arise</td><td>so I sleepless work at midnight on grammar exercises</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lhvodvot</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְהוֹדוֹת</span></td><td>to give thanks</td><td>thankfully - psalms still happen to me!</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lak `àl</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לָךְ עַל</span></td><td>to you for</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishp+éy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפְּטֵי</span></td><td>the judgments of</td><td>remember the righteousness in the circles of Psalm 51 - that's what the poet means</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>cidqka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">צִדְקֶךָ</span></td><td>your righteousness</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xabér</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חָבֵר</span></td><td>Companion</td><td>Companions - where are you?</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)any lkal )asher</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָנִי לְכָל אֲשֶׁר</span></td><td>am I to all who</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yré)vuka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְרֵאוּךָ</span></td><td>fear you</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vulshomréy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וּלְשֹׁמְרֵי</span></td><td>and are keepers of</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqvudeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִּקּוּדֶיךָ</span></td><td>your precepts</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xàsdka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חַסְדְּךָ</span></td><td>Covenant mercy</td><td>of this there is no shortage for all my companions</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span></td><td>yours O LORD</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mal)ah</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מָלְאָה</span></td><td>has filled</td><td>xsd must be feminine</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ha)arec</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הָאָרֶץ</span></td><td>the earth</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span></td><td>your statutes</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>làmdény</i></td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לַמְּדֵנִי</span></td><td>you will teach me</td><td>and I will learn them with such a teacher</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-22499033769592511122010-01-20T19:39:00.000-08:002010-01-25T22:24:19.394-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 7 Grammar<table><tbody>
<tr><td>You remember a word to your servant<br />
by which you give me hope<br />
Yes - this my comfortable word in my trouble<br />
for your promise gives me life<br />
Yet the presumptuous hold me in great derision<br />
but from <span style="color: #e69138;">your teaching</span> I have not fallen away <br />
Your judgments I remember<br />
from of old <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה </span>and I comfort myself<br />
Yang of fire grasps me<br />
from the wicked forsaking <span style="color: #e69138;">your teaching</span><br />
Yin of songs your statutes have become to me<br />
in the house of my lifetime<br />
Your name I have remembered in the night <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"> </span>I have kept <span style="color: #e69138;">your teaching</span><br />
You are mine<br />
because I have observed your precepts<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זְכֹר דָּבָר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עַבְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> עַל אֲשֶׁר יִחַלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּנִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זֹאת נֶחָמָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>עָנְיִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> כִּי אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> חִיָּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְנִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זֵדִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> הֱלִיצֻ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> עַד מְאֹד</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>תּוֹרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;"><span style="color: black;">תְ</span>ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> נָטִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זָכַרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>עוֹלָם יְהוָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאֶתְ</span>נֶחָם</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זַלְעָפָה אֲחָזַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְנִי</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>רְשָׁעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> עֹזְבֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> תּוֹרָתֶךָ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זְמִר<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> הָי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִי</span> חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>בֵית מְגוּרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זָכַרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַ</span>לַּיְלָה שִׁמְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָאֶ</span>שְׁמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> תּוֹרָתֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">זֹאת הָיְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִּי</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">כִּי פִקֻּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> נָצָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
For zayin, I chose 'Y' - that makes both parts 7 and 10 have their verses begin with Y. Not very satisfactory, but Z would be quite unpoetic for 8 verses in English. This octet focuses on teaching / instruction, traditionally rendered law, but that word is usually misunderstood in this age. <br />
<br />
Details<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>zkor dabar</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זְכֹר דָּבָר</span><br />
</td><td>You remember a word<br />
</td><td>Imperative - the repetition of the pronoun is forced on me - but how does the poet command remembrance of a word. The noun is singular anarthrous - should it be an implied definite?<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`àbdeka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעַבְדֶּךָ</span><br />
</td><td>to your servant<br />
</td><td>preposition + noun + pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àl</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל</span><br />
</td><td>by<br />
</td><td>preposition<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)asher</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר</span><br />
</td><td>which<br />
</td><td>relative pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yixàltany</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִחַלְתָּנִי</span><br />
</td><td>you give me hope<br />
</td><td>Catching the conjugation with the implied subject and the added object pronoun as well can be really misleading when first learning this language. This is piel second person singular + the first person pronoun as object. <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zo)t</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֹאת</span><br />
</td><td>Yes - this word<br />
</td><td>Yes for Y is no worse than zot for z. I repeated 'word' as the source of comfort<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nexamaty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נֶחָמָתִי</span><br />
</td><td>of my comfort<br />
</td><td>Humans need this word and its ownership - it becomes more definite as the poem proceeds<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>b`anyy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְעָנְיִי</span><br />
</td><td>in my trouble<br />
</td><td>preposition + singular noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span><br />
</td><td>for<br />
</td><td>conjunction<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)imratka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אִמְרָתְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your promise<br />
</td><td>noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xyatny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חִיָּתְנִי</span><br />
</td><td>gives me life<br />
</td><td>The object pronoun suffix needs a bunch of grammatical letters to attach itself to the verb<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zédym</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֵדִים</span><br />
</td><td>Yet the presumptuous<br />
</td><td>plural noun<br />
</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>helycuny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הֱלִיצֻנִי</span><br />
</td><td>hold me in derision<br />
</td><td>When the object is added to the verb, sometimes the pronomial subject is obscured. This must be a third person plural with object first person pronoun. hiphil - the vowel is acting as the missing vav that would normally signal the third person! <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àd m)od</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַד מְאֹד</span><br />
</td><td>so great<br />
</td><td>we had this adverb - to the max - in part 6 also<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mitvoratka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִתּוֹרָתְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>from your instruction<br />
</td><td>preposition + singular noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lo)</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לֹא</span><br />
</td><td>not<br />
</td><td>negative particle<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>na+yty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָטִיתִי</span><br />
</td><td>I have not fallen away<br />
</td><td>qal perfect - first person<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zakàrty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זָכַרְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I remember<br />
</td><td>qal perfect - first person<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mishpa+eyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>Your judgments<br />
</td><td>plural noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mé`volam</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵעוֹלָם</span><br />
</td><td>from of old<br />
</td><td>adverb with preposition<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span><br />
</td><td>O LORD<br />
</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)etnexam</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֶתְנֶחָם</span><br />
</td><td>and I comfort myself<br />
</td><td>reflexive hithpael imperfect first person singular <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zàl`apah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זַלְעָפָה</span><br />
</td><td>Yang of fire<br />
</td><td>Well - it's from a root meaning fret or vex. It's a noun and fiery.<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)axazàtny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲחָזַתְנִי</span><br />
</td><td>grasps me<br />
</td><td>third person qal perfect with object pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mérsha`ym</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מֵרְשָׁעִים</span><br />
</td><td>from the wicked<br />
</td><td>preposition + plural noun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`ozbéy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עֹזְבֵי</span><br />
</td><td>forsaking<br />
</td><td>participle<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvorateka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָתֶךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your instruction<br />
</td><td>noun with possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zmirvot</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זְמִרוֹת</span><br />
</td><td>Yin of songs<br />
</td><td>Plural noun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>hayvu ly</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הָיוּ לִי</span><br />
</td><td>have become to me<br />
</td><td>qal perfect with preposition and attached personal pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xuqeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֻקֶּיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your statutes<br />
</td><td>plural noun with possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bbéyt</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּבֵית</span><br />
</td><td>in the house of<br />
</td><td>preposition + noun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mgvuray</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְגוּרָי</span><br />
</td><td>my lifetime<br />
</td><td>noun with possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zakàrty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זָכַרְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have remembered<br />
</td><td>first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bàlàylah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בַלַּיְלָה</span><br />
</td><td>in the night<br />
</td><td>preposition, definite, and noun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>shimka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">שִׁמְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your name<br />
</td><td>noun with possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span><br />
</td><td>O LORD<br />
</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va)eshmrah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָאֶשְׁמְרָה</span><br />
</td><td>I have kept<br />
</td><td>is this a story line in a poem? preterite? or should it be I will keep?<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvorateka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תּוֹרָתֶךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your instruction<br />
</td><td>noun with possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>zo)t</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">זֹאת</span><br />
</td><td>You<br />
</td><td>demonstrative pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>haytah ly</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">הָיְתָה לִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have to me<br />
</td><td>qal perfect - What is the antecedent of zot? Perhaps I go beyond it in phrasing this verse similar to the Song<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span><br />
</td><td>for<br />
</td><td>conjunction<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqudeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקֻּדֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your precepts<br />
</td><td>plural noun with possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nacarty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נָצָרְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have observed<br />
</td><td>first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-23607532130268426972010-01-19T14:46:00.000-08:002011-01-22T12:26:28.015-08:00Psalms 90 and 91Next week I will be presenting psalms 90-91 as prayer and answer to prayer at a local bible study. Ideas welcome. Where does Psalm 90 fit in the psalter? Why of Moses? What does the structure tell us? Is 91 an answer to 90? Why does the accuser quote 91 to the anointed Jesus in the temptations? <br />
<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><b>Comment</b></td><td valign="top"><b><br />
</b></td><td style="text-align: right;"><b>Psalm 90</b></td><td><br />
</td><td><b>Translation</b></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><b>Psalm 91</b></td><td><br />
</td><td><b>Translation</b></td><td><b>Comment</b></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Psalm 90 begins Book V. Moses begins and ends Book IV and is mentioned only once outside of Book IV (psalm 77). <a href="http://drmacdonald.blogspot.com/2008/07/god-obeys-great-commandment.html">relation to psalm 40</a></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּפִלָּה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>מֹשֶׁה אִישׁ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">הָ</span>אֱלֹהִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">The prayer of Moses the man of God</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Psalm 91 has no inscription</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Adonai - is not the tetragrammeton here. Does the poet emphasize 'attah' 'you' through the word order (lanu being so far away from ma`on)?</td><td valign="top">1 </td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">אֲדֹנָי</span> <span style="color: #cc0000;">מָעוֹן</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #bf9000;">אַתָּה</span> הָיִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָּ</span>נוּ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>דֹר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>דֹר</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><span style="color: #e69138;">You</span> O <span style="color: #cc0000;">Lord</span>, have become our habitation from generation to generation</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">יֹשֵׁב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>סֵתֶר עֶלְיוֹן</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>צֵל שַׁדַּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִתְ</span>לוֹנָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ן</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">One dwelling in the secret of the Most High<br />
in the shadow of the Sufficient will remain</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Verse 1 and 2 are a unit bound by Lord-you-gen-to-gen and age-to-age-you-God. <i>What is in the middle?</i> It is important. Our habitation + the birth of creation.</td><td valign="top">2</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>טֶרֶם הָרִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> יֻלָּדוּ<br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַתְּ</span>חוֹלֵל אֶרֶץ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>תֵבֵל</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּמֵ</span>עוֹלָם עַד עוֹלָם <span style="color: #bf9000;">אַתָּה</span> אֵל</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">from ere the mountains were born<br />
or earth and the world writhed<br />
even from age to age <span style="color: #e69138;">you</span> are God</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">אֹמַר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לַ</span>יהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #45818e;">מַחְסִ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מְצוּדָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">אֱלֹהַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֶ</span>בְטַח <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בּוֹ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">I will</span> say to<span style="font-size: large;"> יְהוָה</span><br />
my refuge and my fortress<br />
my God<br />
<span style="color: #3d85c6;">I will</span> trust in him</td><td valign="top">Note how many uses of first person imperfect there are in psalm 91 and not in psalm 90</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Dust as a translation is misleading - it is not parallel to 'adam' nor is it 'aphar' but 'that which is crushed' - so poetry for contrition. Turn = repent.</td><td valign="top">3</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּ</span>שֵׁב אֱנוֹשׁ עַד דַּכָּא <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַתֹּ</span>אמֶר שׁוּב<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> בְנֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אָדָם</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><span style="color: #e69138;">you</span> turn a human to contrition and <span style="color: #e69138;">you</span> say<br />
Turn children of humus</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי הוּא <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יַ</span>צִּילְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>פַּח יָקוּשׁ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>דֶּבֶר הַוּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">For he will deliver you from a trapper's snare<br />
from a plague of desires</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">The crushing of the elect is represented by the lament of Psalm 89 - rehearsing 'recent days' of the promises</td><td valign="top">4</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #a64d79;">אֶלֶף</span> שָׁנִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>עֵינֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>יוֹם אֶתְמוֹל<br />
כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יַ</span>עֲבֹר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>אַשְׁמוּרָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַ</span>לָּיְלָה</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">for a thousand years in <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> eyes is like a recent day<br />
for it is over as a watch in the night</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>אֶבְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תוֹ </span>יָסֶךְ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָךְ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>תַחַת כְּנָפָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יו</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶּ</span><span style="color: #45818e;">חְסֶה</span><br />
צִנָּה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>סֹחֵרָה אֲמִתּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">With his feathers he will cover you and beneath his wings you will take refuge<br />
a grappling hook and shield his truth</td><td valign="top">feathers sounds like fury</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">5</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"> זְרַמְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּם</span> שֵׁנָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִ</span>הְי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ<br />
</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַּ</span>בֹּקֶר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כֶּ</span>חָצִיר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יַ</span>חֲלֹף <br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><span style="color: #e69138;">you</span> inundate them, sleep they become<br />
in the morning like grass they grow up</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא תִ</span>ירָא <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>פַּחַד לָיְלָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מֵ</span>חֵץ יָעוּף יוֹמָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ם</span> </span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">You will not fear for dread by night<br />
for an arrow that flies by day</td><td valign="top">day and night appear in both psalms</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">6</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַּ</span>בֹּקֶר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יָ</span>צִיץ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>חָלָף<br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָ</span>עֶרֶב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יְ</span>מוֹלֵל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְיָ</span>בֵשׁ</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">in the morning it flourishes and grows up<br />
in the evening it is cut down and withers</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>דֶּבֶר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בָּ</span>אֹפֶל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יַ</span>הֲלֹךְ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>קֶּטֶב יָשׁוּד צָהֳרָיִם <br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">for the plague that walks in gloom<br />
for destruction that wastes at noon</td><td valign="top">noon sounds like mountains</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">7</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי כָלִי<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>אַפֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּבַ</span>חֲמָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִ</span>בְהָלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נוּ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">for we are consumed in <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> anger<br />
and in <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> wrath we are troubled</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִ</span>פֹּל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>צִּדְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #a64d79;">אֶלֶף</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>רְבָבָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>ימִינֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> אֵלֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא יִ</span>גָּשׁ</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">A thousand will fall at your side<br />
and ten thousand at your right hand<br />
to you it will not come near</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">8</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׁתָּה עֲוֹנֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֵינוּ לְ</span>נֶגְדֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> עֲלֻמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִמְ</span>אוֹר פָּנֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><span style="color: #e69138;">you</span> put our iniquities in front of <span style="color: #e69138;">you</span><br />
our secret in the light of <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> face</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">רַק <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>עֵינֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַ</span>בִּיט <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>שִׁלֻּמַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ת</span> רְשָׁעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּ</span>רְאֶה</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">but with your eyes you will be attentive<br />
and the reward of the wicked you will see<br />
<br />
</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">three different words for anger - I will try to be concordant</td><td valign="top">9</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי כָל יָמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> פָּנ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>עֶבְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span><br />
כִּלִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> שָׁנֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> כְמוֹ הֶגֶה</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">for all our days face away from <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> fury<br />
we complete our years as a groan</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #bf9000;">אַתָּה</span> יְהוָה מַ<span style="color: #45818e;">חְסִ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span><br />
עֶלְיוֹן שַׂמְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תָּ</span> <span style="color: #cc0000;">מְעוֹנֶ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">For you <span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה </span>are my refuge<br />
You have made the Most High your habitation</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">year is singular irregular in Hebrew - always considered plural - note the plural feminine construct</td><td valign="top">10</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">יְמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> שְׁנ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹתֵינוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בָהֶם</span> שִׁבְעִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> שָׁנָה<br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>אִם <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בִּ</span>גְבוּרֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ת</span> שְׁמוֹנִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> שָׁנָה <br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>רָהְבָּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ם</span> עָמָל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>אָוֶן כִּי גָז חִישׁ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַנָּ</span>עֻפָה</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">the days of our years, in them seventy years <br />
and if in strength eighty years<br />
but their pride<span style="color: #999900;"> </span>is labor and mischief for it is cut off soon<br />
and we flutter away</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְ</span>אֻנֶּה אֵלֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> רָעָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>נֶגַע <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֹא</span> קְרַב <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>אָהֳ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">לֶךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">evil is not allowed to come to you<br />
and illness will not come into your tent</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">11</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"> מִי יוֹדֵעַ עֹז אַפֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּכְ</span>יִרְאָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תְךָ</span> עֶבְרָתֶךָ</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Who knows the power of <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> anger<br />
and for <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> fear <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> fury</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי מַלְאָכָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יו</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יְ</span>צַוֶּה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לָּךְ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לִ</span>שְׁמָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>כָל דְּרָכֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">for he will instruct his messengers about you<br />
to keep you in all your ways</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">12</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">לִמְנ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> יָמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> כֵּן הוֹדַע <br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְנָ</span>בִא לְבַב חָכְמָה</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">To number our days so make known<br />
that we may come to the heart of wisdom</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל כַּפַּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִם</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִ</span>שָּׂאוּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נְךָ</span> פֶּן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּ</span>גֹּף <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בָּ</span>אֶבֶן רַגְלֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">in their hands they will lift you up<br />
in case you strike your foot with a stone</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">13</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">שׁוּבָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> יְהוָה עַד מָתָי <br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְהִ</span>נָּחֵם עַל עֲבָדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> <br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Turn <span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span> , how long? And sigh over <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> servants</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">עַל שַׁחַל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וָ</span>פֶתֶן <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּ</span>דְרֹךְ <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּ</span>רְמֹס כְּפִיר <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>תַנִּין</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">over lion and adder you will make your way<br />
you will trample young lion and dragon</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">14</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׂבְּעֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בַ</span>בֹּקֶר <span style="color: #3d85c6;">חַסְדֶּ</span><span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>נְרַנְּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נָה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְ</span>נִשְׂמְחָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>כָל יָמֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">sustain us in the morning of <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> loving kindness <br />
and we will rejoice<br />
and be glad all our days</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בִי</span> <span style="color: #cc0000;">חָשַׁק</span> וַ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֲ</span>פַלְּטֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֲ</span>שַׂגְּבֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוּ</span> כִּי יָדַע שְׁמִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Because he loved me so <span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> deliver him<br />
<span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> set him on high for he has known my name</td><td valign="top">chashak - an interesting word - used of the building of the tabernacle and translated as desire and longing in <a href="http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H2836&t=KJV">various places</a></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">15</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;">שַׂמְּחֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כִּ</span>ימ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> עִנִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יתָנוּ<br />
</span> שְׁנ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹת</span> רָאִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> רָעָה</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">Make us glad for days <span style="color: #e69138;">you </span>afflicted us years we have seen evil</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יִ</span>קְרָאֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>עֱנֵה<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ </span>עִמּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹ</span> אָנֹכִי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>צָרָה <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֲ</span>חַלְּצֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַאֲ</span>כַבְּדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוּ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">he will call me and <span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> answer him<br />
I am with him in trouble<br />
<span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> rescue him and <span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> glorify him</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">16</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">יֵ</span>רָאֶה אֶל עֲבָדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> פָעֳלֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ <br />
וַ</span>הֲדָרְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> עַל בְּנֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יהֶם</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><div style="text-align: left;">Let <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> work appear to <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> servants<br />
and <span style="color: #e69138;">your</span> honor to their children</div></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֹרֶךְ יָמִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אַ</span>שְׂבִּיעֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאַ</span>רְאֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">הוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בִּ</span>ישׁוּעָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִי</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><br />
With length of days <span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> satisfy him<br />
and <span style="color: #e69138;">I will</span> show him in my salvation</td><td><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Notice the palindrome with verse 1 - find an English word that might do this?</td><td valign="top">17</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וִ</span>יהִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> <span style="color: #cc0000;">נֹעַם</span> <span style="color: #3d85c6;">אֲדֹנָי</span> אֱלֹהֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> עָלֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מַעֲשֵׂה <br />
יָדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> כּוֹנְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נָה</span> עָלֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span><br />
<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וּ</span>מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֵ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ינוּ</span> כּוֹנְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נֵהוּ</span></span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top">And let be the beauty of the <span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Lord</span> </span>our God be on us<br />
and the work of our hands establish on us<br />
and the work of our hands establish </td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;" valign="top"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td><td valign="top"><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33673692.post-4169891122115462682010-01-15T13:49:00.000-08:002010-01-25T22:20:09.228-08:00Psalm 119 - Part 6 Grammar<div style="text-align: right;">O vav, you that begin all words and belong as first of one only<br />
</div><div style="text-align: right;">you that inhabit many words named as consonant and act as vowel<br />
</div><div style="text-align: right;"></div><div style="text-align: right;">what shall I do with you - how shall I read you!<br />
</div>Now there's a vocative for you.<br />
Here's my translation with W (touched up a bit)<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td>Well come to me your steadfast love <span style="font-size: 130%;">יְהוָה</span><br />
your salvation like your promise<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וִ</span>יבֹאֻ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">נִי</span> חֲסָדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יְהוָה</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> תְּשׁוּעָתְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">כְּ</span>אִמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Wherewith I will answer a word to one reproaching me<br />
for I trust in your word<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>עֱנֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> חֹרְפִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> דָבָר</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> כִּי בָטַחְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בִּ</span>דְבָרֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Word of truth do not remove from my mouth utterly<br />
for I have hoped in your judgments<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאַל</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>צֵּל <span style="color: #6aa84f;">מִ</span>פִּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> דְבַר אֱמֶת עַד מְאֹד</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> כִּי <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>מִשְׁפָּטֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> יִחָלְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Watch over your teaching I will continually<br />
to the age and for ever<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שְׁמְרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> תוֹרָתְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ךָ</span> תָמִיד</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">לְ</span>עוֹלָם<span style="color: #6aa84f;"> וָ</span>עֶד</span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Walk in maturity I will<br />
for your precepts I have sought<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶתְ</span>הַלְּכָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בָ</span>רְחָבָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> כִּי פִקֻּדֶ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span> דָרָשְׁתִּי</span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Words of your testimonies before kings I will have<br />
and I will not be ashamed<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וַאֲ</span>דַבְּרָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְ</span>עֵדֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> נֶגֶד מְלָכִ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ים</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְלֹא</span> <span style="color: #6aa84f;">אֵ</span>בוֹשׁ</span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Wherefore my delight will be in your commandments<br />
which I have loved<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שְׁ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תַּ</span>עֲשַׁע <span style="color: #6aa84f;">בְּ</span>מִצְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">וֹתֶיךָ</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span> אֲשֶׁר אָהָבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Wave my hands I will to your commandments which I have loved<br />
and I will meditate on your statutes<br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאֶ</span>שָּׂא כַפַּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">י</span> אֶל מִצְוֹ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תֶיךָ</span> אֲשֶׁר אָהָבְ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">תִּי</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;">וְאָ</span>שִׂיחָ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">ה בְ</span>חֻקֶּ<span style="color: #6aa84f;">יךָ</span></span><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>What about trying a translation with U or V as the first letter? I thought about it and figured it would be too hard for me. Rather than reading the Hebrew dictionary, I would have to read an English dictionary letter by letter. Much as Christian Bok did with his book of poems Eunoia - a book by Bok - where each chapter uses only one vowel. Examples <a href="http://archives.chbooks.com/online_books/eunoia/e.html">here</a>. If you haven't seen this book do read some excerpts - they are "enfettered yet free. He lets cleverness exceed decent levels." After all, "awkward grammar appalls a craftsman!" and "Writing is inhibiting" and blogs "form cocoons of comfort ... to hold bookworms" "such hubbub, such rumpus, thump, thump, thrum, thrum, " thud.<br />
<br />
This poem divides into 4 and 4 - 1 a thesis, 2 a use thereof, 3 a negative command, 4 a promise and then 4 similarly structured outcomes perhaps conditioned on the fulfillment of the negative command and promise. See below for the somewhat similar structures in the last 4 lines.<br />
<br />
Details - there are more questions occurring to me as I write what at first seems obvious - I am reading a fascinating set of essays on the verbless clause in Hebrew. I am thinking nothing of English grammar should be taken for granted in my analysis - subject predicate might turn out to be more like concept and comment. In fact even the retroactive nature of construct I am reconsidering. What if they were all comment like redefinitions - a word, of the truth, each subsequent phoneme redefining but not changing those that are already uttered.<br />
<table><tbody>
<tr><td><i>vybo)uny</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וִיבֹאֻנִי</span><br />
</td><td>Well come to me<br />
</td>Read this well come as two words not one - though 'well' is not in the Hebrew. As qal imperfect it can be read as future or as jussive - a third person 'imperative'. The verb is singular. Is the noun plural as AV translates? If so we must reconsider the whole for then perhaps it is Hashem, the nearest singular noun who comes and the noun phrases are appositional commentary. <td></td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xasadeka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֲסָדֶךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your steadfast love<br />
</td><td>noun (plural?) + second person possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יְהוָה</span><br />
</td><td>O LORD<br />
</td><td>forced English vocative if the proper name is not used in translation - that's why Adonai - my Lord or Hashem is preferable<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tshvu`atka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תְּשׁוּעָתְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your salvation<br />
</td><td>This is one of many verbs forming a noun - as in English Save to salvation of course with the personal pronoun also attached. Is <span style="font-size: large;">תשועה </span>the equivalent of a gerund? I have not found a rule yet that would let me noun a verb. BDB lists this form with <span style="font-size: large;">יָשַׁע </span>the verb and <span style="font-size: large;">יֵשַׁע </span>the noun - deliverance. (You can see that without the pointing, you can't tell the difference between these words) In my Hebrew Latin concordance, the word is listed as a form of the noun - we will find it frequently in this psalm.<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>k)imrateka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כְּאִמְרָתֶךָ</span><br />
</td><td>as your promise<br />
</td><td>preposition+noun+'construct' ending+pronoun - it seems to me that the nun and taf make the language 'smoother'. There were information processors and designers in those days - and if there weren't grammarians, there was still a sophisticated intuited grammar and linguistics.<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)e`neh</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶעֱנֶה</span><br />
</td><td>Wherewith I will answer<br />
</td><td>conjunction+ first person qal imperfect - note the sequence of gutturals aleph+ayin - this is not smoothed out!<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>xorpy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">חֹרְפִי</span><br />
</td><td>one reproaching me<br />
</td><td>Participle + first person pronoun as object (reproach joins this part with <a href="http://drmacdonald.blogspot.com/2010/01/psalm-119-part-5-grammar.html">part 5</a>)<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dabar</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דָבָר</span><br />
</td><td>a word<br />
</td><td>noun - perhaps in construct with the prior word? <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky ba+àxty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי בָטַחְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>for I trust<br />
</td><td>preposition + first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bidbareka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בִּדְבָרֶךָ</span><br />
</td><td>in your word<br />
</td><td>preposition + noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)àl tàcél</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאַל תַּצֵּל</span><br />
</td><td>Wherefore do not remove<br />
</td><td>conjunction+negative particle+hiphil imperative - why hiphil? where's the 'he' - the verb is a I-nun and the nun does strange things to the 'he' in the hiphil!<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mipy</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מִפִּי</span><br />
</td><td>from my mouth<br />
</td><td>preposition + noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>dbàr )emet</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דְבַר אֱמֶת</span><br />
</td><td>the?a word of truth<br />
</td><td>Is 'truth' a sufficient end to the construct chain to produce a definite article at the beginning?<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>`àd m)od</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">עַד מְאֹד</span><br />
</td><td>utterly<br />
</td><td>adverb - to the max<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span><br />
</td><td>for<br />
</td><td>conjunction<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>lmishpa+eka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְמִשְׁפָּטֶךָ</span><br />
</td><td>in your judgments<br />
</td><td>preposition + plural noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>yixalty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">יִחָלְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have hoped<br />
</td><td>first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)eshmrah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשְׁמְרָה</span><br />
</td><td>Watch over I will<br />
</td><td>conjunction and first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tvoratka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תוֹרָתְךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your instruction<br />
</td><td>noun singular + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tamyd</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">תָמִיד</span><br />
</td><td>continually<br />
</td><td>adverb<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>l`volam</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">לְעוֹלָם</span><br />
</td><td>to the age<br />
</td><td>preposition + noun used adverbial modifier <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>va`d</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וָעֶד</span><br />
</td><td>and for ever<br />
</td><td>conjunction + adverb<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)ethàlkah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶתְהַלְּכָה</span><br />
</td><td>walk I will<br />
</td><td style="color: #a64d79;">conjunction and first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>barxabah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בָרְחָבָה</span><br />
</td><td>in maturity<br />
</td><td>preposition + adverb<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>ky</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">כִּי</span><br />
</td><td>for<br />
</td><td>conjunction <br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>piqudeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">פִקֻּדֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>your precepts<br />
</td><td style="color: #e69138;">noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>darashty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">דָרָשְׁתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have sought<br />
</td><td style="color: #45818e;">first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>và)adàbrah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וַאֲדַבְּרָה</span><br />
</td><td>Words I will have<br />
</td><td style="color: #a64d79;">conjunction and first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>b`édoteyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְעֵדֹתֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>of your testimonies<br />
</td><td style="color: #e69138;">preposition + noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>neged</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">נֶגֶד</span><br />
</td><td>before<br />
</td><td>preposition<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>mlakym</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">מְלָכִים</span><br />
</td><td>kings<br />
</td><td>plural noun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>vlo)</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְלֹא</span><br />
</td><td>and I will not<br />
</td><td>conjunction with negative particle<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ébvosh</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֵבוֹשׁ</span><br />
</td><td>be ashamed<br />
</td><td>first person imperfect (breaks the pattern)<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)eshtà`ashà`</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשְׁתַּעֲשַׁע</span><br />
</td><td>Will my delight so be<br />
</td><td style="color: #a64d79;">conjunction and first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bmicvoteyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְּמִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>in your commandments<br />
</td><td style="color: #e69138;">preposition + noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)asher</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר</span><br />
</td><td>which<br />
</td><td>relative pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahabty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהָבְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have loved<br />
</td><td style="color: #45818e;">first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)esa) kàpày</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאֶשָּׂא כַפַּי</span><br />
</td><td>Wave my hands I will<br />
</td><td><span style="color: #a64d79;">conjunction and first person imperfect</span> + noun + pronoun - plural<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)el micvoteyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֶל מִצְוֹתֶיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>to your commandments<br />
</td><td style="color: #e69138;">separate preposition noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)asher</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אֲשֶׁר</span><br />
</td><td>which<br />
</td><td>relative pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>)ahabty</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">אָהָבְתִּי</span><br />
</td><td>I have loved<br />
</td><td style="color: #45818e;">first person qal perfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>v)asyxah</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">וְאָשִׂיחָה</span><br />
</td><td>and I will meditate<br />
</td><td>conjunction and first person imperfect<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>bxuqeyka</i><br />
</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;">בְחֻקֶּיךָ</span><br />
</td><td>on your statutes<br />
</td><td style="color: black;">preposition + noun + possessive pronoun<br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Bob MacDonaldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11335631079939764763noreply@blogger.com2